Analysis of the Effectiveness of Human Resource Training and Development in Increasing the Competitiveness of MSMEs in Indonesia.
Keywords:
human resource development, training effectiveness, MSMEs, competitiveness, digitalization
Abstract
This study aims to understand the role of training and human resource development (SDM) in enhancing the quality of micro, small, and medium enterprises (UMKM) in the digital era in the midst of the development of the digital era. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach and content analysis on various empirical studies, this study evaluates the contribution of HR training to improving the competence of business actors, mastery of digital technology. The results of the analysis show that training programs that are contextually designed based on local needs, and combined with participatory methods and post-training mentoring have been proven to be effective in improving operational efficiency, product quality, and the adaptability of MSMEs to market changes. In addition, training that integrates digitalization also encourages the transformation of MSMEs into more modern and competitive businesses.
References
Adiguna, P., Aisha, N., Herawati, T., Nurrahman, S., Saefullah, A., Puspita Hakim, M., Saputra, R., & Marthin Sitohang, R. (nd). Human Resource Training and Development in MSMEs Through Digital Skills in Food Production. In JCRE: Journal of Community Research and Engagement (Vol. 1).
Afiat, M, N., Rijal, S., et al. (2023)Learning Strategies in Developing Entrepreneurial Intention Among Students: Theory of Planned Behavior Approach.Journal of Education: A Journal of Research Results and Literature Studies in the Field of Education, Teaching and LearningVol 9, No 2.https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/3536719
Bisnis, D., Lisnawati, E., & artikel, S. (nd). ASSET: JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT Effectiveness of Training and Work Motivation in Improving Employee Performance ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT.
Humaira, H., Azmi, M., Hadi, R., Gusman, T., Putra, R., Friadi, J., Nurhatisyah, N., & Windayati, DT (2024). Improving the Digital Competence of MSMEs through Seminars and Workshops: Experience in Belian Village, Riau Islands. Journal of Community Service and Empowerment Innovation, 4(2), 283–288. https://doi.org/10.54082/jippm.652
Iskandar, Y. (nd). Digital Transformation Model and the Role of HR in Indonesian MSMEs. In International Journal of Business (Vol. 4, Issue 2).
Kääriäinen, J., Perätalo, S., Saari, L., Koivumäki, T., & Tihinen, M. (2023). Supporting the digital transformation of SMEs — trained digital evangelists facilitating the positioning phase. International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management, 11(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.12821/ijispm110101
Kwaido, A. A. (2023). Improving Employee Innovation Performance of SMEs Through Human Resource Management Practices: A Moderated Mediation Model. International Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Research, 11(3), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.37745/ijsber.2013/vol11n37197
Latara Indah, C., Alfarizy, R., & Imam Wahjono, S. (2025). Human Resource Development Strategy in Improving the Local Economy in Surabaya MSMEs. EMBISS), 5(2), 130–136.https://embiss.com/index.php/embiss/article/view/361
Lentera Pengabdian, J., Markos, A., Citra Rosanti, V., Aissa Shahyatul, I., Rismawati, R., & Pelita Bangsa, U. (nd). Digital-Based Human Resource Training to Increase Customer Satisfaction at the Selera Sambal Restaurant MSME.https://lenteranusa.id/
Mohd Pajri. (2024). The Role of Human Resource Management in Increasing the Competitiveness of MSMEs in the Digital Era. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT, 2(4), 226–236.https://doi.org/10.59024/jise.v2i4.1154
Paroli Optimizing Human Resource Management Competencies for Rancasalak Village Business Actors to Increase Competitiveness, P., Paroli, P., & Kunci, K. (nd). Optimizing Human Resource Management Competencies for Rancasalak Village Business Actors to Increase Local Competitiveness ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT K. 6(1), 2025.https://doi.org/10.55338/jpkmn.v6i1.5250
Putri, NN, & Lataruva, E. (2024). Today's MSMEs: Human Resource Training and Development. Equator Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship (EJME), 12(1), 1.https://doi.org/10.26418/ejme.v12i1.75843
Rijal, S., et al (2025).The Influence of Economic Literacy, Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneur Mindset in Improving The Competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises" (SMES) with Business Performance as a Moderator Variable. Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education.
https://www.ijble.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1049
Saidun Umar, M., Juleha, S., Marsela, PM, Rosida, R., Aprillia Hadi, AT, Ningsih, RS, Ahmad Zikri, R., Farabi, F. Al, Rian, M., & Nuraida, S. (2024). Marketing Strategy in Increasing the Competitiveness of Marketing MSMEs in Patai Village, Cempaga District, East Waringin City. Indonesian Journal of Community Service, 5(1), 428–434.https://doi.org/10.55338/jpkmn.v5i1.2001
Sagala, G. H., & Őri, D. (2024). Toward SMEs digital transformation success: a systematic literature review. Information Systems and E-Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-024-00682-2
Shamsudin, A., Abdol Ghapar, M., Ngah, NE, & Adenan, ND (2023). SME Performance: Examining the Relationship Between Training and Development, Employee Performance Evaluation and Rewards. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i4/16531
Tapela, K., Erlando, S., & Ridwan, M. (nd). TRIDARMA: Community Service (PkM), 6 (2) (2023) Journal homepage: www.iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/abdimas Analyzing the Effectiveness of Digital Era Human Resource Management Training for MSMEs Assisted by the Cooperatives and Small Business Service of Lampung Province.www.iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/abdimas
Valentina Monoarfa, Aminarti Daud, Nanda Utuli, Sri Rahmalia Saleh, & Noviyanti Fatimah Riyadi. (2025). Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness and Benefits of Calculation Training in MSMEs. Economic Reviews Journal, 4(2).https://doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v4i2.718
Valentina Monoarfa, Aminarti Daud, Nanda Utuli, Sri Rahmalia Saleh, & Noviyanti Fatimah Riyadi. (2025). Analysis of the Cost-Effectiveness and Benefits of Calculation Training in MSMEs. Economic Reviews Journal, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v4i2.718
Welhelmina Nisriani Manafe, M., Revnu Ohara, M., Sondari Gadzali, S., Ade Kurnia Harahap, M., Muna Almaududi Ausat, A., Kristen Artha Wacana, U., Adi Sucipto No, J., Klp Lima, K., Kupang, K., Lancang Kuning, U., Yos Sudarso NoKM, J., Sari, U., Rumbai, K., Pekanbaru, K., Subang, U., Raden Ajeng Kartini NoKM, J., Subang, K., Subang, K., Barat, J., … Pematang Siantar, K. (2023). Exploring the Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Mindsets and Business Success: Implications for Entrepreneurship Education. Journal on Education, 05(04), 12540–12547
Zaky, M., Sunan, U., & Djati Bandung, G. (nd). THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN FACING GLOBAL CHALLENGES.https://www.journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/branding
Yusuf, M., & Hendra, R. (2023). JUPEMA (Journal of Community Service) Learning Laboratory of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jambi https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/jupema/index e-mail: jurnal.jupema@unja Sustainable Human Resources (HR) Training and Development. 2(1), 52–63.https://doi.org/10.22437/bio.v8i2.17267
Afiat, M, N., Rijal, S., et al. (2023)Learning Strategies in Developing Entrepreneurial Intention Among Students: Theory of Planned Behavior Approach.Journal of Education: A Journal of Research Results and Literature Studies in the Field of Education, Teaching and LearningVol 9, No 2.https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/3536719
Bisnis, D., Lisnawati, E., & artikel, S. (nd). ASSET: JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT Effectiveness of Training and Work Motivation in Improving Employee Performance ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT.
Humaira, H., Azmi, M., Hadi, R., Gusman, T., Putra, R., Friadi, J., Nurhatisyah, N., & Windayati, DT (2024). Improving the Digital Competence of MSMEs through Seminars and Workshops: Experience in Belian Village, Riau Islands. Journal of Community Service and Empowerment Innovation, 4(2), 283–288. https://doi.org/10.54082/jippm.652
Iskandar, Y. (nd). Digital Transformation Model and the Role of HR in Indonesian MSMEs. In International Journal of Business (Vol. 4, Issue 2).
Kääriäinen, J., Perätalo, S., Saari, L., Koivumäki, T., & Tihinen, M. (2023). Supporting the digital transformation of SMEs — trained digital evangelists facilitating the positioning phase. International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management, 11(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.12821/ijispm110101
Kwaido, A. A. (2023). Improving Employee Innovation Performance of SMEs Through Human Resource Management Practices: A Moderated Mediation Model. International Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Research, 11(3), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.37745/ijsber.2013/vol11n37197
Latara Indah, C., Alfarizy, R., & Imam Wahjono, S. (2025). Human Resource Development Strategy in Improving the Local Economy in Surabaya MSMEs. EMBISS), 5(2), 130–136.https://embiss.com/index.php/embiss/article/view/361
Lentera Pengabdian, J., Markos, A., Citra Rosanti, V., Aissa Shahyatul, I., Rismawati, R., & Pelita Bangsa, U. (nd). Digital-Based Human Resource Training to Increase Customer Satisfaction at the Selera Sambal Restaurant MSME.https://lenteranusa.id/
Mohd Pajri. (2024). The Role of Human Resource Management in Increasing the Competitiveness of MSMEs in the Digital Era. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT, 2(4), 226–236.https://doi.org/10.59024/jise.v2i4.1154
Paroli Optimizing Human Resource Management Competencies for Rancasalak Village Business Actors to Increase Competitiveness, P., Paroli, P., & Kunci, K. (nd). Optimizing Human Resource Management Competencies for Rancasalak Village Business Actors to Increase Local Competitiveness ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT K. 6(1), 2025.https://doi.org/10.55338/jpkmn.v6i1.5250
Putri, NN, & Lataruva, E. (2024). Today's MSMEs: Human Resource Training and Development. Equator Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship (EJME), 12(1), 1.https://doi.org/10.26418/ejme.v12i1.75843
Rijal, S., et al (2025).The Influence of Economic Literacy, Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneur Mindset in Improving The Competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises" (SMES) with Business Performance as a Moderator Variable. Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education.
https://www.ijble.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1049
Saidun Umar, M., Juleha, S., Marsela, PM, Rosida, R., Aprillia Hadi, AT, Ningsih, RS, Ahmad Zikri, R., Farabi, F. Al, Rian, M., & Nuraida, S. (2024). Marketing Strategy in Increasing the Competitiveness of Marketing MSMEs in Patai Village, Cempaga District, East Waringin City. Indonesian Journal of Community Service, 5(1), 428–434.https://doi.org/10.55338/jpkmn.v5i1.2001
Sagala, G. H., & Őri, D. (2024). Toward SMEs digital transformation success: a systematic literature review. Information Systems and E-Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-024-00682-2
Shamsudin, A., Abdol Ghapar, M., Ngah, NE, & Adenan, ND (2023). SME Performance: Examining the Relationship Between Training and Development, Employee Performance Evaluation and Rewards. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i4/16531
Tapela, K., Erlando, S., & Ridwan, M. (nd). TRIDARMA: Community Service (PkM), 6 (2) (2023) Journal homepage: www.iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/abdimas Analyzing the Effectiveness of Digital Era Human Resource Management Training for MSMEs Assisted by the Cooperatives and Small Business Service of Lampung Province.www.iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/abdimas
Valentina Monoarfa, Aminarti Daud, Nanda Utuli, Sri Rahmalia Saleh, & Noviyanti Fatimah Riyadi. (2025). Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness and Benefits of Calculation Training in MSMEs. Economic Reviews Journal, 4(2).https://doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v4i2.718
Valentina Monoarfa, Aminarti Daud, Nanda Utuli, Sri Rahmalia Saleh, & Noviyanti Fatimah Riyadi. (2025). Analysis of the Cost-Effectiveness and Benefits of Calculation Training in MSMEs. Economic Reviews Journal, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v4i2.718
Welhelmina Nisriani Manafe, M., Revnu Ohara, M., Sondari Gadzali, S., Ade Kurnia Harahap, M., Muna Almaududi Ausat, A., Kristen Artha Wacana, U., Adi Sucipto No, J., Klp Lima, K., Kupang, K., Lancang Kuning, U., Yos Sudarso NoKM, J., Sari, U., Rumbai, K., Pekanbaru, K., Subang, U., Raden Ajeng Kartini NoKM, J., Subang, K., Subang, K., Barat, J., … Pematang Siantar, K. (2023). Exploring the Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Mindsets and Business Success: Implications for Entrepreneurship Education. Journal on Education, 05(04), 12540–12547
Zaky, M., Sunan, U., & Djati Bandung, G. (nd). THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN FACING GLOBAL CHALLENGES.https://www.journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/branding
Yusuf, M., & Hendra, R. (2023). JUPEMA (Journal of Community Service) Learning Laboratory of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Jambi https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/jupema/index e-mail: jurnal.jupema@unja Sustainable Human Resources (HR) Training and Development. 2(1), 52–63.https://doi.org/10.22437/bio.v8i2.17267
Published
2025-10-11
How to Cite
Syamsu Rijal, & Muhlis. (2025). Analysis of the Effectiveness of Human Resource Training and Development in Increasing the Competitiveness of MSMEs in Indonesia. International Journal of Business and Quality Research, 3(04), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijbqr.v3i04.2372
.png)
Contact Person +628563636289
Email : editor.ijbqr@gmail.com
