Examining Job Hopping among Gen Z in Bandar Lampung: Is It Really Driven by Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction?
Keywords:
Work Life Balance, Job Satisfaction, Job Hopping
Abstract
The phenomenon of job hopping among Gen Z is becoming increasingly prevalent, particularly in developing cities such as Bandar Lampung. This generation is known for having high expectations regarding work life balance and job satisfaction, which can influence their decision to stay or switch jobs. This study aims to analyse the impact of work life balance and job satisfaction on the job-hopping intentions of Gen Z employees in Bandar Lampung. This research employs an explanatory research method with a quantitative approach. The sample consists of 385 respondents aged 18–29 years in 2024, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through a digital questionnaire (Google Forms) and measured using a Likert scale with a negative model. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical software. The results indicate that, partially, work life balance has a significant positive effect on job-hopping intentions, as does job satisfaction, which also significantly influences job-hopping intentions. Simultaneously, both variables have a significant impact on Gen Z employees' decisions to change jobs. These findings provide insights for companies to better understand Gen Z's mindset in the workplace by creating a work environment that supports both work life balance and job satisfaction, aligning with the preferences of Gen Z employees.
References
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Codrington, G., & Grant- Marshall, S. (2004). Mind the Gap: Own your past, know your generation, choose your future. Penguin Books.
Dewi, D. R. (2023). Hubungan Antara Work life balance dan Job hopping Motive pada Pekerja Generasi Milenial. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Pancasila (FPsi-UP): Jakarta Selatan.
Dwidienawati, D., & Gandasari, D. (2018). Understanding Indonesia’s Generation Z. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 250–252.
Fabiansyah, A., & Adibah, A. (2024). Studi Kualitatif : Intensi Menetap Atau Berpindah Kerja pada Karyawan. Jurnal EMPATI, 13(3), 19-33.
Fisher, G. G., Bulger, C. A., & Smith, C. C. (2009). Beyond work and family: A measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1(4), 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016737
Fitria, T. N. (2022). Bimbingan Karir Bagi Lulusan Mahasiswa: Pelatihan Mencari Lowongan Pekerjaan, Menulis Surat Lamaran Pekerjaan dan Mendesain CV Menarik. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Community Innovations (JECI), 1(1), 9-15.
Frame & Hartog, M. (2003). From rhetoric to reality. Into the swamp of ethical practice : implementing work-life balance. Business Ethics: A European Review, 12(4).
Gentina, E. (2020). Generation z in Asia: A research agenda. In E. Gentina & E. Parry (Eds.), What the experts tell us about South East Asia: Dynamics, differences, digitalization (pp. 3–19). https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-220-820201002
Ghiselli, E. (1974). Some Perspectives of Industrial Psychology. American Psychology, 29(2), 80-87.
Greenhaus, J.H., & Powell, G.N. (2006). When work and family are allies: A theory of workfamily enrichment. Academy of Management Review, 31, 72-92.
Handoko, T. H. (2011). Manajemen Personalia dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Pengantar Manajemen
Hayman, J. (2005). Psychometric assessment of an instrument designed to measure Work life balance. Research and practice in human resource management, 13(1), 85-91.
Idulsafitri, R. M. (2018). Keterikatan Kerja dalam Konteks Psikologi Industri/Organisasi. Andi Offset.
Jules, N. J., Ghazali, H., & Othman, M. (2017). Job satisfaction and Job hopping Behaviour Among Employees of Casual Dining Restaurant. Hospitality and Tourism Research
Khan, S. (2016). An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Locusl Of Control And Job Hopping. Arts & Education International Research Journal, III(1).
Kuswadji, S. (1997). Pengaturan Tidur Pekerja Shift, Jakarta: Grup PT Kalbe Farma.
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Maharani, Y., & Rahman, N., N. (2024) Adaptabilitas Karier dan Kepuasan Kerja: Kunci Mengatasi Job hopping di Era Modern. JMPIS : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial, Vol. 5, No. 6.
Mahmoud, A. B., Fuxman, L., Mohr, I., Reisel, W. D., & Grigoriou, N. (2021). “We aren't your reincarnation!” workplace motivation across X, Y and Z generations. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 193-209.
Malik, M. I., Gomez, S. F., Ahmad, M., & Saif, M. I. (2010). Examining The Relationship Of Work life balance, Job Satisfaction And Turnover In Pakistan. International Journal Of Sustainable Development, 2(1), 27–33. Http://Www.Ssrn.Com/Link/Oida-Intl-Journal-Sustainable-Dev.Htm
Maudisha.(2024). UI Employer Forum Partnership Gathering: Pasar Kerja di era Digital Butuh SDM yang Gesit dan Berpikir Kritis. Retrieved From: https://www.ui.ac.id/pasar-kerja-di-era-digital-butuh-sdm-yang-gesit-dan-berpikir-kritis/
Mulyadi, D. (2015). Perilaku Organisasi dan Kepemimpinan Pelayanan. Cetakan Pertama. Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational Behavior. Boston, MA: Prentice Hall
Nindyati, A. D. (2017). Pemaknaan loyalitas karyawan pada generasi x dan generasi y (Studi Pada Karyawan Di Indonesia). Journal of Psychological Science and Profession, 1(3), 59–66
Ningrum, R. A., Sijabat, R., & Dharmaputra, F. (2023). Pengaruh Work life balance, Kepuasan Gaji, dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Generasi Milenial di Pati) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas PGRI Semarang).
Nurdin, S., & Rohaeni, H. (2020). JKBM Work-Life Balance Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Intention Work-Life Balance And Its Impact On Turnover Intention In The Millennium : The Mediation Role Of Job satisfaction. Konsep Dan Bisnis Manajemen, 6(2), 121–132.
Pranaya, D. (2014). Job-hopping - tinjauan analitis. 2,67-72.
Prayoga, R. A., & Lajira, T. (2022). Strategi pengembangan kualitas sdm generasi millenial & generasi Z dalam menghadapi persaingan global era 5.0. In prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen, 1(1), 37-40.
Rachmadini, F. & Riyanto, S. (2020). The impact of work-life balance onemployee engagement in generation z. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 25(5), 62-66.
Redinda, A. V. (2020). Hubungan Work life balance dengan intensi job hopping pada generasi milenial (Doctoral dissertation, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University).
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational Behavior. Boston, MA: Prentice Hall
Sandra, M. R. (2019). Pengaruh Modal Psikologi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Intensi Job hopping Pada Pekerja Generasi Milenial. Skripsi, Surabaya.
Schermerhorn, J. R., Hunt, J. G., dan Osborn, R. N. (2005). Organization Behavior: 9th Edition. Amerika Serikat: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Sembiring, M. B. (2024). Gambaran Quarter Life Crisis Pada Sarjana Fresh Graduate Universitas Malikussaleh (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Malikussaleh).
Simbolon, C, I., (2018). Etos Kerja Generasi Z Pada Karyawan Dinas Kependudukan Dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Padang Lawas.
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung : Alfabeta.
Suryaratri, R. D., & Abadi, M. A. (2018). Modal psikologis dan intensi job hopping pada pekerja generasi millenial. Ikra-Ith Humaniora: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, 2(1), 77-83.
Suslova, A., & Holopainen, L. (2019). Kepuasan kerja dan motivasi karyawan: Kasus generasi Z. KAMK. Universitas Sains Terapan.
Sutrisno, E. (2007). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta : Kencana.
Tonis, Y. A., Ngra, C. B. M., Lalu, S. C., & Sugiantari, A. A. P. W. (2022). Identifikasi Pendidikan Karakter Bagi Generasi Z Pada Era Society 5.0. Prosiding Pekan Ilmiah Pelajar (PILAR), 2, 370-285.
Triatna, C. (2015). Perilaku Organisasi dalam Pendidikan. Bandung: Remaja.
Yello. (2019). Yello Recruiting Study: Meet Generation Z. Retrieved From: https://yello.co/resource/white-paper/generation-z-recruiting-study/
Yuen, S. H. (2016). Examining the generation effects on job-hopping intention by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Thesis-Dissertation. Tuen Mun: Departement of Applied Psychology Lignan University
Ariyani, A., Pradhanawati, A., & Prabawani, B. (2022). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance dan Work Satisfaction terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan Kontrak PT. Sukuntex–Spinning Kudus. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis, 11(2), 214-224.
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Lampung. (2024). Penduduk Usia 15+ yang Bekerja (jiwa), 2023-2024. Provinsi Lampung : Badan Pusat Statistik
Barhate, B., & Dirani, K. M. (2022). Career aspirations of generation Z: A systematic literature review. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(1/2), 139-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2020-0124
Codrington, G., & Grant- Marshall, S. (2004). Mind the Gap: Own your past, know your generation, choose your future. Penguin Books.
Dewi, D. R. (2023). Hubungan Antara Work life balance dan Job hopping Motive pada Pekerja Generasi Milenial. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Pancasila (FPsi-UP): Jakarta Selatan.
Dwidienawati, D., & Gandasari, D. (2018). Understanding Indonesia’s Generation Z. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 250–252.
Fabiansyah, A., & Adibah, A. (2024). Studi Kualitatif : Intensi Menetap Atau Berpindah Kerja pada Karyawan. Jurnal EMPATI, 13(3), 19-33.
Fisher, G. G., Bulger, C. A., & Smith, C. C. (2009). Beyond work and family: A measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1(4), 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016737
Fitria, T. N. (2022). Bimbingan Karir Bagi Lulusan Mahasiswa: Pelatihan Mencari Lowongan Pekerjaan, Menulis Surat Lamaran Pekerjaan dan Mendesain CV Menarik. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Community Innovations (JECI), 1(1), 9-15.
Frame & Hartog, M. (2003). From rhetoric to reality. Into the swamp of ethical practice : implementing work-life balance. Business Ethics: A European Review, 12(4).
Gentina, E. (2020). Generation z in Asia: A research agenda. In E. Gentina & E. Parry (Eds.), What the experts tell us about South East Asia: Dynamics, differences, digitalization (pp. 3–19). https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-220-820201002
Ghiselli, E. (1974). Some Perspectives of Industrial Psychology. American Psychology, 29(2), 80-87.
Greenhaus, J.H., & Powell, G.N. (2006). When work and family are allies: A theory of workfamily enrichment. Academy of Management Review, 31, 72-92.
Handoko, T. H. (2011). Manajemen Personalia dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Pengantar Manajemen
Hayman, J. (2005). Psychometric assessment of an instrument designed to measure Work life balance. Research and practice in human resource management, 13(1), 85-91.
Idulsafitri, R. M. (2018). Keterikatan Kerja dalam Konteks Psikologi Industri/Organisasi. Andi Offset.
Jules, N. J., Ghazali, H., & Othman, M. (2017). Job satisfaction and Job hopping Behaviour Among Employees of Casual Dining Restaurant. Hospitality and Tourism Research
Khan, S. (2016). An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Locusl Of Control And Job Hopping. Arts & Education International Research Journal, III(1).
Kuswadji, S. (1997). Pengaturan Tidur Pekerja Shift, Jakarta: Grup PT Kalbe Farma.
Lake, C. J., Highhouse, S., & Shrift, A. G. (2017). Validation of the job-hopping motives scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 26(3), 531-548.
Limon, M. (2019). Why are so many Millenials and Gen Z job hopping. Retrieved from: https://observatory.tec.mx/edu-news/why-are-so-many-millennials-and-gen-z-job-hopping.
Linkedln. (2018). Gen Z Defines Job-Hopping Generation. Retrieved from: https://campustechnology.com/articles/2018/10/12/linkedin-gen-z-defines-job-hopping-generation.aspx
Luthans, F., Luthans, B. C., & Luthans, K. W. (2011). Organizational behavior : An Evidence-Based Approach Twelfth Edition. McGraw-Hill Irwin
Luthans, F., Vogelgesang, G. R., & Lester, P. B. (2006). Developing the Psychological Capital of Resiliency Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods Commons, and the Strategic Management Policy Commons. Human Resource Development Review, 5(1), 25–44.
Maharani, Y., & Rahman, N., N. (2024) Adaptabilitas Karier dan Kepuasan Kerja: Kunci Mengatasi Job hopping di Era Modern. JMPIS : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial, Vol. 5, No. 6.
Mahmoud, A. B., Fuxman, L., Mohr, I., Reisel, W. D., & Grigoriou, N. (2021). “We aren't your reincarnation!” workplace motivation across X, Y and Z generations. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 193-209.
Malik, M. I., Gomez, S. F., Ahmad, M., & Saif, M. I. (2010). Examining The Relationship Of Work life balance, Job Satisfaction And Turnover In Pakistan. International Journal Of Sustainable Development, 2(1), 27–33. Http://Www.Ssrn.Com/Link/Oida-Intl-Journal-Sustainable-Dev.Htm
Maudisha.(2024). UI Employer Forum Partnership Gathering: Pasar Kerja di era Digital Butuh SDM yang Gesit dan Berpikir Kritis. Retrieved From: https://www.ui.ac.id/pasar-kerja-di-era-digital-butuh-sdm-yang-gesit-dan-berpikir-kritis/
Mulyadi, D. (2015). Perilaku Organisasi dan Kepemimpinan Pelayanan. Cetakan Pertama. Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational Behavior. Boston, MA: Prentice Hall
Nindyati, A. D. (2017). Pemaknaan loyalitas karyawan pada generasi x dan generasi y (Studi Pada Karyawan Di Indonesia). Journal of Psychological Science and Profession, 1(3), 59–66
Ningrum, R. A., Sijabat, R., & Dharmaputra, F. (2023). Pengaruh Work life balance, Kepuasan Gaji, dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Generasi Milenial di Pati) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas PGRI Semarang).
Nurdin, S., & Rohaeni, H. (2020). JKBM Work-Life Balance Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Intention Work-Life Balance And Its Impact On Turnover Intention In The Millennium : The Mediation Role Of Job satisfaction. Konsep Dan Bisnis Manajemen, 6(2), 121–132.
Pranaya, D. (2014). Job-hopping - tinjauan analitis. 2,67-72.
Prayoga, R. A., & Lajira, T. (2022). Strategi pengembangan kualitas sdm generasi millenial & generasi Z dalam menghadapi persaingan global era 5.0. In prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen, 1(1), 37-40.
Rachmadini, F. & Riyanto, S. (2020). The impact of work-life balance onemployee engagement in generation z. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 25(5), 62-66.
Redinda, A. V. (2020). Hubungan Work life balance dengan intensi job hopping pada generasi milenial (Doctoral dissertation, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University).
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational Behavior. Boston, MA: Prentice Hall
Sandra, M. R. (2019). Pengaruh Modal Psikologi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Intensi Job hopping Pada Pekerja Generasi Milenial. Skripsi, Surabaya.
Schermerhorn, J. R., Hunt, J. G., dan Osborn, R. N. (2005). Organization Behavior: 9th Edition. Amerika Serikat: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Sembiring, M. B. (2024). Gambaran Quarter Life Crisis Pada Sarjana Fresh Graduate Universitas Malikussaleh (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Malikussaleh).
Simbolon, C, I., (2018). Etos Kerja Generasi Z Pada Karyawan Dinas Kependudukan Dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Padang Lawas.
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung : Alfabeta.
Suryaratri, R. D., & Abadi, M. A. (2018). Modal psikologis dan intensi job hopping pada pekerja generasi millenial. Ikra-Ith Humaniora: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, 2(1), 77-83.
Suslova, A., & Holopainen, L. (2019). Kepuasan kerja dan motivasi karyawan: Kasus generasi Z. KAMK. Universitas Sains Terapan.
Sutrisno, E. (2007). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta : Kencana.
Tonis, Y. A., Ngra, C. B. M., Lalu, S. C., & Sugiantari, A. A. P. W. (2022). Identifikasi Pendidikan Karakter Bagi Generasi Z Pada Era Society 5.0. Prosiding Pekan Ilmiah Pelajar (PILAR), 2, 370-285.
Triatna, C. (2015). Perilaku Organisasi dalam Pendidikan. Bandung: Remaja.
Yello. (2019). Yello Recruiting Study: Meet Generation Z. Retrieved From: https://yello.co/resource/white-paper/generation-z-recruiting-study/
Yuen, S. H. (2016). Examining the generation effects on job-hopping intention by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Thesis-Dissertation. Tuen Mun: Departement of Applied Psychology Lignan University
Published
2025-03-02
How to Cite
Siti Nurhasanah, Jeni Wulandari, & Fenny Saptiani. (2025). Examining Job Hopping among Gen Z in Bandar Lampung: Is It Really Driven by Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction?. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 4(02), 568-586. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v4i02.1630
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