The Effect Of Participative Leadership Style And Supportive Organizational Culture On Job Satisfaction Among Generation Z Employees In Indonesia With Work-Life Balance As An Intervening Variable
Keywords:
Participative Leadership Style, Organizational Culture, Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction, Generation Z
Abstract
The increasing presence of Generation Z in the Indonesian workforce has driven organizations to reassess leadership approaches and organizational practices to meet evolving employee expectations. This study aims to examine the effect of participative leadership style and supportive organizational culture on job satisfaction among Generation Z employees in Indonesia, with work-life balance serving as an intervening variable. A quantitative explanatory research design was employed, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to Generation Z employees across various industries using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that participative leadership and supportive organizational culture have significant positive effects on job satisfaction. Both variables also significantly influence work-life balance, which, in turn, has the strongest positive effect on job satisfaction. Furthermore, work-life balance was found to partially mediate the relationship between participative leadership and job satisfaction as well as between supportive organizational culture and job satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of inclusive leadership practices and supportive organizational environments in fostering work-life balance and enhancing job satisfaction among Generation Z employees. This study contributes to the human resource management literature by empirically validating the mediating role of work-life balance and provides practical insights for organizations seeking to improve job satisfaction and retention of Generation Z employees.
References
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Liesera, C., & Suatmi, B. D. (2024). The effect of organizational culture, job stress, work-life balance, and motivation on job satisfaction: Case study of human resources in Indonesia’s animation industry. Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge, 4(2).
Mahardika, A. A., Ingarianti, T. M., & Zulfiana, U. (2022). Work-life balance pada karyawan generasi Z.
Masruhin, S., & Raudhoh. (2022). Kepemimpinan partisipatif: Literature review. Jurnal Al Mujaddid Humaniora, 8(1).
Nassani, A. A., Badshah, W., Grigorescu, A. N., Cozorici, A. N., Yousaf, Z., & Zhan, X. (2024). Participatory leadership and supportive organisational culture: Panacea for job satisfaction with the regulatory role of work-life balance. Heliyon, 10(16).
Nugrohojati, I. S., & Linando, J. A. (2025). Understanding generation Z in the workplace: Characteristics, challenges, and implications.
Pasaribu, R., Lestari, T. D. Y., Azyura, R., & Wadi, M. A. (2025). Pengaruh work-life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja pada generasi Z.
Pawesti, R., & Wikansari, R. (2016). Pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap intensi turnover karyawan di Indonesia.
Permana, A. W., & Karwanto, K. (2020). Gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif dalam upaya meningkatkan profesional guru. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen Pendidikan, 5(1), 58.
Rashmi, K., & Kataria, A. (2023). The mediating role of work-life balance on the relationship between job resources and job satisfaction: Perspectives from Indian nursing professionals. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(5), 1316–1342.
Rinayanti Pelealu, D. (2025). An exploration of work-life balance in generation Z who have just entered the workforce.
Rizana, D., Prasetyo, I. B., Muslihatun, F., & Naufalia, A. E. (2025). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan untuk generasi Z: Membangun motivasi dan keterlibatan karyawan di era digital.
Sabri, & Sumardin. (2025). Job satisfaction: Perceived organizational support and organizational culture with work-life balance. Journal of Business and Management Review, 6(1).
Sanlia, V., & Turangan, J. A. (2023). Organizational culture, work environment, and self-efficacy on generation Z’s job satisfaction. International Journal of Application on Economics and Business, 1(4), 2207–2215.
Setyanti, S. W. L. H., Fagastia, I. R., & Sudarsih. (2022). The influence of burnout, workload, and work-life balance on employee performance.
Shahriar, H., Neaz Makhdum, L., & Emam Hossen, B. (2024). Organizational culture and its influence on employee job satisfaction. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 9(4), 52–61.
Taheri, R. H., Miah, Md. S., & Kamaruzzaman, Md. (2020). Impact of working environment on job satisfaction. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(6).
Teguh Pamungkas, Jamrizal Jamrizal, & Kasful Anwar Us. (2024). Kepemimpinan partisipatif, delegasi, dan pemberian kewenangan. Jurnal Manajemen Riset Inovasi, 2(2), 99–110.
Wadu, I. D. A., Timuneno, T., Nafie, R. E. I., & Fanggidae, R. P. C. (2024). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif dan motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai UPTD Puskesmas Manutapen Kota Kupang.
Wibowo, F., Sosilowati, E., & Setiyawan, A. A. (2024). Fenomena turnover intention pada generasi Z dalam revolusi industri 5.0. Journal of Management and Digital Business, 4(2), 313–325.
Yasinta, & Dewi, I. G. A. M. (2024). Peran kelelahan emosional memediasi work-life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT Kharisma Duta Anggada. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 13(8), 1313.
Zaky, M. (2020). Dampak keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dan kehidupan pribadi terhadap kepuasan dan kinerja karyawan.
Ahmad, S. (2020). The corporate culture and employees’ performance: An overview.
Ali, M. M., Hariyati, T., Pratiwi, M. Y., & Afifah, S. (2022). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif dan penerapannya dalam penelitian. Education Journal, 2(2).
Amin, N. F., Garancang, S., & Abunawas, K. (2023). Konsep umum populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian.
Ariffin, M. F., Mat, Z., & Aris, A. (2025). A comprehensive review on determinants of employees’ job satisfaction.
Arifuddin, Maryadi, & Gusti, D. H. (2021). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif, beban kerja, dan kerjasama terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai OPD Perkimtan Kabupaten Majene.
Aruldoss, A., Kowalski, K. B., & Parayitam, S. (2021). The relationship between quality of work life and work-life balance: Mediating role of job stress, job satisfaction, and job commitment. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 18(1), 36–62.
Aura, R. R., Saut, E., & Hutahaean, H. (2025). Pengaruh work-life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja pada generasi Z. JoSES: Journal of Sharia Economics Scholar, 2(4), 98–107.
Bebasari, N., Parulian, & Daspar. (2025). The role of women’s leadership in enhancing work-life balance and flexible work arrangements: A study in the financial industry.
Cahyati, I. K., & Adelia, M. (2024). Kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi: Kunci optimalisasi kinerja di tempat kerja. Indonesian Journal of Public Administration Review, 1(3).
Campbell, S., Greenwood, M., Prior, S., Shearer, T., Walkem, K., Young, S., Bywaters, D., & Walker, K. (2020). Purposive sampling: Complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(8), 652–661.
Daud, A., Ady Dj, A., Adianita, H., & Jibrail Mado, Y. (2024). The influence of participative leadership style on job satisfaction with organizational citizenship behavior as a moderating variable.
Fatoki, O. (2023). Participative leadership and employee job satisfaction: The mediating effects of psychological empowerment and work engagement. Foundations of Management, 15(1), 161–176.
Fauzan, A., & Santoso, Moh. H. B. (2024). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif dan delegatif terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai pemerintahan Kabupaten Lamongan. Benchmark, 4(2), 101–111.
Haar, J., Brougham, D., Roche, M., & Barney, A. (2017). Servant leadership and work engagement: The mediating role of work-life balance. NZJHRM, 17(2), 56–72.
Hair, J. F., Tomas, G., Hult, M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
Han, B. (2024). Strategic plan intervention to identify key factors affecting teacher job satisfaction at Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology, China.
Hidayat, A., Supardin, L., Trisninawati, & Alhempi, R. R. (2024). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif. Takaza Innovatix Labs.
Ilafisani, S. T. R. S., Satwika, Y. W., Tasya, R. F. A., & Andine, H. A. S. (2023). Hubungan antara budaya organisasi dengan kepuasan kerja pada aparatur sipil negara generasi Z di Indonesia.
Islamy, F. J., & Nurjaman, R. (2018). Budaya organisasi dalam mendukung implementasi knowledge sharing dosen pada perguruan tinggi negeri di Kota Bandung. Journal Image, 7(1), 29–37.
Jaleel Mahesar, A., Shaikh, N., Kazi, S., & Kibria, A. (2025). Participative management culture and workplace diversity: A MGA-SEM analysis of millennials and generasi Z.
Jessica, N., Afifah, N., Daud, I., Sulistiowati, & Pebrianti, W. (2023). The effect of work environment and work-life balance on job satisfaction: Work stress as a mediator. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 54–65.
Kalsum, U., Harlen, H., & Machasin, M. (2023). Pengaruh budaya organisasi dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kepuasan kerja dan turnover intention pada perawat RSIA Eria Bunda Pekanbaru. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Terapan, 5.
Kumaradewa, P. A. B., & Suwandana, I. G. M. (2021). The influence of supportive organizational culture on work satisfaction through work involvement. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 5, 587–594.
Liesera, C., & Suatmi, B. D. (2024). The effect of organizational culture, job stress, work-life balance, and motivation on job satisfaction: Case study of human resources in Indonesia’s animation industry. Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge, 4(2).
Mahardika, A. A., Ingarianti, T. M., & Zulfiana, U. (2022). Work-life balance pada karyawan generasi Z.
Masruhin, S., & Raudhoh. (2022). Kepemimpinan partisipatif: Literature review. Jurnal Al Mujaddid Humaniora, 8(1).
Nassani, A. A., Badshah, W., Grigorescu, A. N., Cozorici, A. N., Yousaf, Z., & Zhan, X. (2024). Participatory leadership and supportive organisational culture: Panacea for job satisfaction with the regulatory role of work-life balance. Heliyon, 10(16).
Nugrohojati, I. S., & Linando, J. A. (2025). Understanding generation Z in the workplace: Characteristics, challenges, and implications.
Pasaribu, R., Lestari, T. D. Y., Azyura, R., & Wadi, M. A. (2025). Pengaruh work-life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja pada generasi Z.
Pawesti, R., & Wikansari, R. (2016). Pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap intensi turnover karyawan di Indonesia.
Permana, A. W., & Karwanto, K. (2020). Gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif dalam upaya meningkatkan profesional guru. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen Pendidikan, 5(1), 58.
Rashmi, K., & Kataria, A. (2023). The mediating role of work-life balance on the relationship between job resources and job satisfaction: Perspectives from Indian nursing professionals. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(5), 1316–1342.
Rinayanti Pelealu, D. (2025). An exploration of work-life balance in generation Z who have just entered the workforce.
Rizana, D., Prasetyo, I. B., Muslihatun, F., & Naufalia, A. E. (2025). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan untuk generasi Z: Membangun motivasi dan keterlibatan karyawan di era digital.
Sabri, & Sumardin. (2025). Job satisfaction: Perceived organizational support and organizational culture with work-life balance. Journal of Business and Management Review, 6(1).
Sanlia, V., & Turangan, J. A. (2023). Organizational culture, work environment, and self-efficacy on generation Z’s job satisfaction. International Journal of Application on Economics and Business, 1(4), 2207–2215.
Setyanti, S. W. L. H., Fagastia, I. R., & Sudarsih. (2022). The influence of burnout, workload, and work-life balance on employee performance.
Shahriar, H., Neaz Makhdum, L., & Emam Hossen, B. (2024). Organizational culture and its influence on employee job satisfaction. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 9(4), 52–61.
Taheri, R. H., Miah, Md. S., & Kamaruzzaman, Md. (2020). Impact of working environment on job satisfaction. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(6).
Teguh Pamungkas, Jamrizal Jamrizal, & Kasful Anwar Us. (2024). Kepemimpinan partisipatif, delegasi, dan pemberian kewenangan. Jurnal Manajemen Riset Inovasi, 2(2), 99–110.
Wadu, I. D. A., Timuneno, T., Nafie, R. E. I., & Fanggidae, R. P. C. (2024). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif dan motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai UPTD Puskesmas Manutapen Kota Kupang.
Wibowo, F., Sosilowati, E., & Setiyawan, A. A. (2024). Fenomena turnover intention pada generasi Z dalam revolusi industri 5.0. Journal of Management and Digital Business, 4(2), 313–325.
Yasinta, & Dewi, I. G. A. M. (2024). Peran kelelahan emosional memediasi work-life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT Kharisma Duta Anggada. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 13(8), 1313.
Zaky, M. (2020). Dampak keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dan kehidupan pribadi terhadap kepuasan dan kinerja karyawan.
Published
2026-01-25
How to Cite
Afif Fadil, & Suhartini. (2026). The Effect Of Participative Leadership Style And Supportive Organizational Culture On Job Satisfaction Among Generation Z Employees In Indonesia With Work-Life Balance As An Intervening Variable. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 5(01), 915-925. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i01.2880
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