Determinants of Export Competitiveness of Coffee Commodities in South Sulawesi
Keywords:
Export competitiveness, Revealed Comparative Advantage, Coffee commodity, World Coffe Prices, Exchange Rate.
Abstract
Negotiation and strategic positioning in international trade are crucial for maximizing the economic benefits of agricultural commodities. This study aims to analyze the determinants of the export competitiveness of coffee from South Sulawesi, Indonesia, during the 2010–2024 period. The independent variables examined include coffee production capacity, world coffee prices, and the exchange rate of the Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) against the US Dollar (USD), while the dependent variable is export competitiveness, measured by the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index. Utilizing an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model, the findings reveal that the model explains 70.5% of the variance in coffee export competitiveness. Statistically, both coffee production and the exchange rate exhibit a significant negative impact on the RCA index, suggesting structural vulnerabilities related to supply quality and high dependency on imported agricultural inputs. Conversely, world coffee prices do not significantly influence export competitiveness, indicating the position of local exporters as price takers bound by long-term forward contracts. These findings emphasize the urgent need for strategic policy shifts from quantity-oriented agricultural expansion to quality standardization and upstream cost stabilization.
References
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Rahman, R., Ridwan, M., & Mutiarahmi, H. (2024). Indonesian Coffee Exports in The Global Market and The Variables That Affect Them. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam. https://doi.org/10.24239/jiebi.v6i1.225.1-15
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Reviane, I., Paddu, A., & Tajibu, M. (2022). Product Competitiveness and Market Penetration in South Sulawesi: Mapping of Leading Export Commodities. Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review. https://doi.org/10.26487/hebr.v5i3.3407
Santri, A., Padapi, A., & Haryono, I. (2024). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Daya Saing Komoditas Kopi Indonesia di Pasar Dunia. Journal of Agribusiness Science and Rural Development. https://doi.org/10.32639/jsxx9b92
Wati, E., & Setyowati, E. (2023). Analysis of the Influence of Production, International Prices, and Exchange Rates on Coffee Export Volume in Indonesia in 2002-2022. Determinasi: Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi. https://doi.org/10.23917/determinasi.v1i4.65
Andriani, N., Rachmina, D., & Utami, A. (2025). Dynamics of Indonesia’s Competitiveness and Factors Affecting Coffee Exports in The China Market . Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis. https://doi.org/10.17358/jma.22.2.185
Askia, D., , A., , M., Putri, C., & Sari, M. (2025). Pengaruh Produksi, Harga Dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah Terhadap Ekspor Biji Kopi Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian Unimal. https://doi.org/10.29103/jepu.v8i1.23023
Azhari, A., Konadi, W., & Musrizal, M. (2025). Menilai Dampak Ganda Harga Kopi dan Nilai Tukar terhadap Nilai Ekspor Kopi Indonesia. Jurnal Cita Ekonomika. https://doi.org/10.51125/citaekonomika.v19i1.18923
Barus, J., & Sukadana, W. (2025). Analisis Faktor yang Memengaruhi Volume Ekspor Kopi Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Publikasi Manajemen Informatika. https://doi.org/10.55606/jupumi.v4i1.3705
Dewi, N., Susrusa, K., Arisena, G., Nurfadillah, S., & Prayoga, K. (2025). Revealing The Potential Of Indonesian Coffee: Analysis Of Competitiveness In The International Market. Agrisocionomics: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian. https://doi.org/10.14710/agrisocionomics.v9i2.24311
Handoyo, R., Sari, A., Ibrahim, K., & Sarmidi, T. (2022). The Volatility of Rupiah Exchange Rate Impact on Main Commodity Exports to the OIC Member States. Economies. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10040078
Hanan, A., Taufiq, M., & Wardaya, W. (2025). Analysis of Competitiveness and Factors Affecting the Export Volume of Indonesian Coffee Beans (HS Code 0901.11.10) to Japan for the Period 2008–2023. Journal of Economics, Assets, and Evaluation. https://doi.org/10.47134/jeae.v2i4.750
Husain, A., & Umami, L. (2023). Competitiveness of Toraja Specialty Coffee in the Global Market: Porter’s Diamond Model. E3S Web of Conferences. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344402037
Irmayani, I., Salman, D., Ambar, A., Latifah, A., Nur, R., Rahman, M., & , M. (2025). Strategy for Strengthening Arabica Coffee Agribusiness Institutions Through an Interpretative Structural Modelling Approach in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis. https://doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.24.01.217-230
Karo, L.E.K., & Rozaini, N. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Produksi Kopi, Luas Lahan dan Kurs Rupiah Terhadap Volume Ekspor Kopi Indonesia Periode Tahun 2010 – 2020. Transformasi: Journal of Economics and Business Management, 2(2), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.56444/transformasi.v2i2.691
Marbun, P., Sihombing, F., Lahay, R., & Tampubolon, K. (2025). Indonesia Coffee Export Performance to the Primary Destination Countries. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1701495
Munizu, M., Alam, S., Pono, M., Hamid, N., & Riyadi, S. (2024). Analysis of Supply Chain Integration, Innovation Capability, and Competitiveness of Coffee Processing Industry. BIO Web of Conferences. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20249607010
Muslima, F., & Kharisma, B. (2023). Exchange Rate Volatility and Leading Export Commodities of Plantations in Indonesia: The Gravity Model Approach. Jurnal Economia. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v19i2.44430
Oktavian, F., & Maulana, A. (2019). Pengaruh produksi dan harga kopi dunia terhadap daya saing ekspor biji kopi Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Manajemen Dan Wirausaha, 1(1), 15-23. https://doi.org/10.24036/jkmw0254400
Oktoriza, L. (2023). Analysis Of The Effect Of Exchange Rates, Indonesian Coffee Production And International Coffee Price On Coffee Export Volume In Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen dan Dinamika Bisnis (JMDB). https://doi.org/10.33633/jmdb.v2i1.8076
Paramita, A. D., & Fitrianto, A. R. (2024). Analisis daya saing kopi Indonesia dan Vietnam di pasar ASEAN. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis, 8(3), 930-939. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2024.008.03.9
Purwawangsa, H., Irfany, M., & Haq, D. (2024). Indonesian Coffee Exports' Competitiveness and Determinants. Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis. https://doi.org/10.17358/jma.21.1.59
Rahman, R., Ridwan, M., & Mutiarahmi, H. (2024). Indonesian Coffee Exports in The Global Market and The Variables That Affect Them. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam. https://doi.org/10.24239/jiebi.v6i1.225.1-15
Reardon, K. K., & Spekman, R. E. (1994). Starting out right: Negotiation lessons for domestic and cross-cultural business alliances. Business Horizons, 37(1), 71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-6813(05)80231-9
Reviane, I., Paddu, A., & Tajibu, M. (2022). Product Competitiveness and Market Penetration in South Sulawesi: Mapping of Leading Export Commodities. Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review. https://doi.org/10.26487/hebr.v5i3.3407
Santri, A., Padapi, A., & Haryono, I. (2024). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Daya Saing Komoditas Kopi Indonesia di Pasar Dunia. Journal of Agribusiness Science and Rural Development. https://doi.org/10.32639/jsxx9b92
Wati, E., & Setyowati, E. (2023). Analysis of the Influence of Production, International Prices, and Exchange Rates on Coffee Export Volume in Indonesia in 2002-2022. Determinasi: Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi. https://doi.org/10.23917/determinasi.v1i4.65
Published
2026-03-03
How to Cite
Ummul Khair, Sri Mardiyati, Amruddin, Mohammad Natsir, & Muh. Arifin Fattah. (2026). Determinants of Export Competitiveness of Coffee Commodities in South Sulawesi. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 5(02), 453-463. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i02.3037
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