A Comparative Analysis of the Financial Health of State-Owned Banks Using the RGEC and CAMELS Methods, FY 2020–2025

Melatul Husna; Sriyatun

doi:10.63922/ijebir.v5i03.3449

Melatul Husna Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa
Sriyatun Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i03.3449

Keywords: Bank Health, RGEC, CAMELS, State-Owned Banks, Financial Performance.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and compare the financial health of state-owned banks (BUMN), namely PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, and PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk using the RGEC and CAMELS methods during the period 2020–2025. This research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive comparative method. The data used are secondary data in the form of quarterly financial statements obtained from the official publications of each bank. The data analysis techniques include financial ratio analysis, normality test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test using IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The results show that there are significant differences in bank health levels based on the RGEC method with a significance value of 0.002, where Bank Mandiri has the best performance. Meanwhile, based on the CAMELS method, there are also significant differences with a significance value of 0.000, where Bank BNI shows the best performance. Additionally, the Wilcoxon test results indicate a significant difference between the RGEC and CAMELS methods with a significance value of 0.000, suggesting that the RGEC method tends to produce higher assessment results compared to CAMELS. This difference stems from the distinct approaches employed: RGEC emphasizes risk-based and governance aspects, whereas CAMELS focuses more on financial ratio analysis. This study concludes that the simultaneous use of both methods can provide a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of bank health levels.

References

Abdillah, K. R., & Anjani. (2025). The Influence of Leverage, Profitability, and Liquidity on Financial Distress with Good Corporate Governance as a Moderating Variable. Journal of Accounting Science and Research, 14(3), 1-25.
Ardiyanti, Wilma Dian et al. 2023. Analysis of Bank Health Assessment Using the CAMEL Method (Case Study on PT Bank Raya Indonesia Tbk). Tambusai Education Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 Year 2023.
Arwin, S. E. M. S., & Sutrisno, S. P. M. P. (2022). Bank Health Management (B. Faradiba, Ed.; 1st ed., pp. 1–30). Cendekia Publisher. Toraja Christian University.
Citra, A. B. W. (2024). Analysis of Bank Health Level Measurement Using the CAMELS and RGEC Methods for Conventional Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the Period 2019–2023. Journal of Management and Business Economics, 2(4), 372–391. https://doi.org/10.54066/jmbe-itb.v2i4.2556
Dari, D. W., Faisal, A., & Survia, D. (2024). Comparative Analysis of Bank Soundness Using the Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital (RGEC) Method in State-Owned Commercial Banks for the Period 2018–2021. Trisakti Economics Journal, 4(1), 905–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jet.v4i1.16301
Dwitama, F. (2020). Comparison analysis of CAMELS and RGEC in assessing the level of bank health (Case study at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk, 2017–2019). International Journal of Science, Technology & Management.
Enizar, W. F. (2023). Analysis of financial performance health using nonparametric methods. Journal of Business and Management, Tanjungpura University.
Erawati, T., Ayem, S., & Tokan, M. M. (2022). The Effect of Firm Size, Liquidity, and Dividend Policy on Firm Financial Performance. Akurat: Scientific Journal of Accounting, 13(1), 85. https://ejournal.unibba.ac.id/index.php/akurat/article/view/761.
Feminda, V., & Irawati, Z. (2024). Analysis of bank soundness using the RGEC method for state-owned commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2021 period.
Fujiyanto, W., Enizar, E., & Perdana, H. (2023). Analysis of financial performance health using the Kruskal-Wallis test for Islamic banks. Scientific Bulletin of Mathematics, Statistics, and Their Applications (Bimaster), 12(3), 231-240.
Hapsari, N. D., Midana, N. R., Andika, M. A., Kusumaningtyas, A., & Hapsari, M.T. (2024). Analysis of the financial health of BTPN Syariah Bank using the RGEC and CAMEL methods for the 2020–2024 period. International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies. https://doi.org/10.34001/jsef.v3i2.1620
Hapsari, M. T., Anisa, R., Tania, C., Agustina, N. H., Ramadhan, R. W., & Saputra, R. I. (2025). Analysis of bank health using CAMEL and RGEC at Bank Rakyat Indonesia for the period 2020–2024.
Kaemana, I., & Wibowo, D. (2023). Analysis of Financial Performance Before and After the Merger at PT Bank Central Asia Syariah. Journal of Accounting Science and Research
Kasmir. (2019). Financial Statement Analysis.
Nugroho, A., & Sari, D. (2023). Analysis of bank health using the CAMELS method.
Ningrum, J. K., & Syamwil. (2024). Comparison of bank health level analysis using the CAMEL and RGEC methods at national private commercial banks (BUSN) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Journal of Economics and Business, 8(2), 31355-31362.
Financial Services Authority. (2016). Financial Services Authority Regulation No. 4/POJK.03/2016 on the Assessment of Commercial Bank Health.
Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 13/1/PBI/2011 on the Assessment of Commercial Bank Soundness.
Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 5/13/PBI/2003 on the Net Foreign Exchange Position of Commercial Banks.
Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 8/4/PBI/2006 on the Implementation of Good Corporate Governance for Commercial Banks.
Financial Services Authority Regulation No. 4/POJK.03/2016 on the Assessment of Commercial Bank Soundness.
Purwaningsih, E., & Siddki, M. A. (2021). The Effect of Investment, Financing, and Dividend Decisions on Firm Value. Jurnal Aktiva: Accounting and Finance Research, https://doi.org/10.52005/aktiva.v3i2.87.
Putri. (2024). Analysis of bank health levels using the RGEC and CAMELS methods.
Pratikto, M. I. S., & Afiq, M. K. (2021). Analysis of Bank Health and Potential Financial Distress Using the RGEC and Zmijewski Methods at Bank BNI Syariah from 2015 to 2019. Journal of Islamic Economics: Theory and Application, 8(5), 570–581.
Rahmadani, N. P., Kirowati, D., & Kudhori, A. (2025). Assessment of bank health levels using the RGEC method on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2020 to 2022. Equivalent: Journal of Economic, Accounting and Management, 3(1), 367–389.
Rusdi, R., Hasibuan, A., & Batubara, D. (2023). Comparative analysis of CAMELS and RGEC methods in assessing the level of health of PT Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Tbk. Journal of Sharia Banking, 2809-8781.
Sari, Putria D. & Abel Tasman. 2020. Analysis of Banking Soundness Using the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RBBR) Approach for Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2018. Jurnal Ecogen Vol. 3 No. 3, 2020. University of Padang.
Sari, W. (2021). The RGEC Method for Analyzing Bank Health. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Finance, 6(2), 189–207.
Saputra, S. R. D., Tarigan, T. M., Prasetyo, C. Y., & Wira, A. (2024). A Comparison of Conventional Banks and Digital Banks Using the RGEC Method. Journal of Accounting, 18(1), 134-167. https://doi.org/10.25170/jara.v18i1.5160
Seftia, S., Yunita, A., & Julia. (2023). Comparative analysis of bank soundness using the RGEC method for state-owned banks and regional-owned banks from 2019 to 2021. JEMSI (Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting), 9(3), 697-707. https://doi.org/10.35870/jemsi.v9i3.1121
Wardhana, A. (2024). Bank Health. CV. Media Sains Indonesia.
Widyawati, W. (2019). Analysis of Bank Financial Performance Using the CAMEL Ratios at PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Nitro Journal of Banking and Financial Management, 2(1), 38-55. https://doi.org/10.56858/jmpkn.v2i1.16