Trend of Carbohydrate Food Consumption in Urban Areas of South Sulawesi
Keywords:
consumption trends, carbohydrate foods, urban areas, food transition
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the development trend of carbohydrate food consumption in urban areas of South Sulawesi Province. The data used are quarterly time-series secondary data from 2018 to 2025 sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), including the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) data. The analytical method applied includes Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) linear trend analysis. The trend analysis results indicate a structural food transition in urban areas: per capita rice consumption experienced a significant downward trend (; ). Conversely, wheat flour consumption showed an increasing trend (; ). Meanwhile, local food such as cassava () and fast-food processed items like instant noodles () faced a decline in consumption. Accumulatively, total carbohydrate consumption in urban South Sulawesi remains relatively stable with a very slight downward trend (). The implications of this study emphasize the need for adaptive agribusiness supply chain management strategies responding to urban preference shifts from rice to wheat-based products without neglecting the strengthening of local foods.
References
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Purwantini, T. B., & Ariani, M. (2021). Pergeseran struktur konsumsi pangan pokok rumah tangga perkotaan di luar Pulau Jawa. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 19(2), 165-179. https://doi.org/10.21082/akp.v19n2.2021.165-179
Putri, S. K., & Nugroho, A. (2025). Dampak penetrasi ekosistem digital food-delivery terhadap transisi komoditas agribisnis hilir di perkotaan metropolitan. Jurnal Agrikultura, 36(1), 50-64. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v36i1.51224
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Reardon, T., Tschirley, D., Liverpool-Tasie, L. S. O., Awuor, P., & Minten, B. (2021). The hidden middle of food supply chains in developing regions. Agricultural Economics, 52(4), 563-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12632
Saliem, H. P., & Ariani, M. (2024). Strategi pemantapan ketahanan pangan wilayah produsen pada era disrupsi pasar urban. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 43(1), 18-32. https://doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v43n1.2024.18-32
Sastro, M., & Rahayu, S. (2025). Pengaruh kampanye bahaya ultra-processed food (UPF) di media sosial terhadap penurunan preferensi konsumsi mi instan. Jurnal Komunikasi Massa, 18(1), 89-103. https://doi.org/10.20961/jkm.v18i1.6102
Sayaka, B., & Pasaribu, S. M. (2025). Analisis pergerakan harga eceran beras urban pasca guncangan iklim ekstrem. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia, 25(1), 44-61. https://doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v25i1.1824
Setyono, A., & Utami, T. (2024). Aplikasi tepung mocaf dalam mendukung substitusi impor terigu pada industri pengolahan pangan kreatif urban. Jurnal Pascapanen Pertanian, 21(2), 95-108. https://doi.org/10.21082/jpasca.v21n2.2024.95-108
Simatupang, P. (2023). Reorientasi kebijakan agribisnis komoditas padi menghadapi kejenuhan pasar domestik perkotaan. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 41(2), 121-137. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v41n2.2023.121-137
Subroto, H., & Hanani, N. (2024). Food consumption diversification pattern away from rice staple in agricultural producing provinces. Agribusiness Journal, 18(1), 33-46. https://doi.org/10.15408/aj.v18i1.34112
Sudarsono, J., & Wijaya, C. (2024). Agribusiness clustering of flour-based dynamic smes in secondary urban cities of South Sulawesi. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 14(3), 412-428. https://doi.org/10.1108/JADEE-11-2023-0294
Suryana, A. (2022). Sustainable food security and nutrition transition in urbanizing Indonesia. Food Policy, 109, 102345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2022.102345
Tarigan, H., & Sinaga, M. (2024). Perilaku ngemil (snacking pattern) masyarakat kota: Analisis determinan sosio-demografis permintaan terigu hilir. Jurnal Perilaku Konsumen, 9(2), 130-144. https://doi.org/10.29244/jok.v9i2.5401
Timmer, C. P. (2023). Food security and structural transformation: Re-visiting Bennett's law in rapidly urbanizing Asia. Oxford University Press.
Varian, H. R. (2022). Intermediate microeconomics: A modern approach (9th ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.
Wahyudi, F., & Utomo, S. (2024). Determinants of instant noodle consumption reduction among urban households: A logit analysis. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 15(1), 55-69. https://doi.org/10.21107/ijae.v15i1.19213
Wibowo, T., & Santoso, I. (2024). Stigma sosial pangan lokal dan implikasinya terhadap kegagalan diversifikasi karbohidrat non-beras di perkotaan. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, 18(1), 72-88. https://doi.org/10.20961/jsep.v18i1.74512
World Bank. (2024). Indonesia economic prospects: Towards a secure and climate-resilient food system. World Bank Group.
Anindita, R., & Baladina, N. (2021). Pemasaran produk pertanian (Ed. 2). Andi Offset.
Ariani, M., & Purwantini, T. B. (2023). Kebijakan dan dinamika konsumsi pangan pokok di Indonesia. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 41(1), 15-30. https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v41n1.2023.15-30
Badan Pangan Nasional. (2024). Statistik konsumsi pangan nasional dan wilayah. Bapanas RI.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2024). Pengeluaran untuk konsumsi penduduk Indonesia per provinsi berdasarkan hasil Susenas. BPS RI.
Bank Indonesia. (2024). Laporan perekonomian Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan: Analisis inflasi volatille foods. Perwakilan BI Sulsel.
Clements, K. W., Gao, G. J., & Jia, J. (2022). The economics of Engel's law: A comprehensive global analysis of food consumption. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 104(3), 891-915. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12254
Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. (2025). Neraca bahan makanan (NBM) regional Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. DKP Sulsel.
Dinas Perdagangan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. (2025). Analisis arus distribusi pangan antar-pulau keluar wilayah Sulawesi Selatan. Disdag Sulsel.
Dinas Tanaman Pangan, Hortikultura, dan Perkebunan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. (2025). Laporan tahunan luas tambah tanam dan produksi tanaman pangan. Dinas TPH-Bun Sulsel.
Faoziyah, U., & Ilham, N. (2024). Dampak guncangan ekonomi makro dan pandemi terhadap ketahanan pangan rumah tangga perkotaan. Jurnal Agro-Ekonomi, 42(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v42n1.2024.45-59
Gunawan, A., & Setiawan, B. (2025). Pergeseran dari ultra-processed food ke fresh convenience food pada konsumen milenial di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 13(1), 78-92. https://doi.org/10.29244/jai.v13i1.55412
Hanafie, R., & Suwarta, S. (2023). Aksesibilitas pasar retail modern terhadap komoditas pangan lokal tradisional non-beras. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian, 14(2), 112-126. https://doi.org/10.31327/aj.v14i2.1904
Hardinsyah, H., & Baliwati, Y. F. (2023). Sosiologi dan ekonomi konsumsi pangan. IPB Press.
Hermanto, H., & Swastika, D. K. S. (2023). Global wheat market dynamics and its structural threat to national food security. Journal of Agricultural Science, 35(3), 201-215. https://doi.org/10.21082/jas.v35n3.2023.201-215
Hermina, H., & Prihatini, S. (2022). Gambaran konsumsi kelompok pangan sumber karbohidrat di Indonesia. Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan, 45(2), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.22435/pgm.v45i2.5632
Ilham, N., & Siregar, H. (2023). Faktor sosio-ekonomi yang memengaruhi penurunan konsumsi aneka umbi di wilayah perkotaan Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 18(2), 105-116. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2023.18.2.105
Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia. (2025). Laporan analisis impor gandum dan stabilisasi harga tepung terigu nasional. Kemendag RI.
Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. (2024). Basis data statistik pertanian: Kontribusi surplus beras regional. Kementan RI.
Kusuma, R. A., & Prasetyo, H. (2024). Post-pandemic health consciousness and dietary reconstruction among urban middle-class households. Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 12(2), 143-156. https://doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2024.12(2).143-156
Mulyadi, D., & Hidayat, R. (2024). Eksistensi usaha mikro berbasis tepung terigu di koridor perkotaan transisi pasca-krisis. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 26(1), 34-47. https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.26.1.34-47
Nugraha, E., & Saputra, A. (2026). Inovasi produk hilir agribisnis: Transformasi industri mi instan sehat berbasis bahan baku lokal. Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan, 37(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2026.37.1.12
Popkin, B. M. (2020). Nutrition transition and the global marketplace: The shifting dynamics of urban food systems. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 8(8), 712-723. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30219-2
Purwantini, T. B., & Ariani, M. (2021). Pergeseran struktur konsumsi pangan pokok rumah tangga perkotaan di luar Pulau Jawa. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 19(2), 165-179. https://doi.org/10.21082/akp.v19n2.2021.165-179
Putri, S. K., & Nugroho, A. (2025). Dampak penetrasi ekosistem digital food-delivery terhadap transisi komoditas agribisnis hilir di perkotaan metropolitan. Jurnal Agrikultura, 36(1), 50-64. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v36i1.51224
Rachman, B., & Wardani, K. (2023). Alokasi waktu bekerja wanita urban dan dampaknya terhadap pola penyediaan pangan keluarga. Jurnal Studi Keluarga dan Konsumen, 16(3), 210-222. https://doi.org/10.24156/jkk.2023.16.3.210
Reardon, T., Tschirley, D., Liverpool-Tasie, L. S. O., Awuor, P., & Minten, B. (2021). The hidden middle of food supply chains in developing regions. Agricultural Economics, 52(4), 563-577. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12632
Saliem, H. P., & Ariani, M. (2024). Strategi pemantapan ketahanan pangan wilayah produsen pada era disrupsi pasar urban. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 43(1), 18-32. https://doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v43n1.2024.18-32
Sastro, M., & Rahayu, S. (2025). Pengaruh kampanye bahaya ultra-processed food (UPF) di media sosial terhadap penurunan preferensi konsumsi mi instan. Jurnal Komunikasi Massa, 18(1), 89-103. https://doi.org/10.20961/jkm.v18i1.6102
Sayaka, B., & Pasaribu, S. M. (2025). Analisis pergerakan harga eceran beras urban pasca guncangan iklim ekstrem. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia, 25(1), 44-61. https://doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v25i1.1824
Setyono, A., & Utami, T. (2024). Aplikasi tepung mocaf dalam mendukung substitusi impor terigu pada industri pengolahan pangan kreatif urban. Jurnal Pascapanen Pertanian, 21(2), 95-108. https://doi.org/10.21082/jpasca.v21n2.2024.95-108
Simatupang, P. (2023). Reorientasi kebijakan agribisnis komoditas padi menghadapi kejenuhan pasar domestik perkotaan. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 41(2), 121-137. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v41n2.2023.121-137
Subroto, H., & Hanani, N. (2024). Food consumption diversification pattern away from rice staple in agricultural producing provinces. Agribusiness Journal, 18(1), 33-46. https://doi.org/10.15408/aj.v18i1.34112
Sudarsono, J., & Wijaya, C. (2024). Agribusiness clustering of flour-based dynamic smes in secondary urban cities of South Sulawesi. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 14(3), 412-428. https://doi.org/10.1108/JADEE-11-2023-0294
Suryana, A. (2022). Sustainable food security and nutrition transition in urbanizing Indonesia. Food Policy, 109, 102345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2022.102345
Tarigan, H., & Sinaga, M. (2024). Perilaku ngemil (snacking pattern) masyarakat kota: Analisis determinan sosio-demografis permintaan terigu hilir. Jurnal Perilaku Konsumen, 9(2), 130-144. https://doi.org/10.29244/jok.v9i2.5401
Timmer, C. P. (2023). Food security and structural transformation: Re-visiting Bennett's law in rapidly urbanizing Asia. Oxford University Press.
Varian, H. R. (2022). Intermediate microeconomics: A modern approach (9th ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.
Wahyudi, F., & Utomo, S. (2024). Determinants of instant noodle consumption reduction among urban households: A logit analysis. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 15(1), 55-69. https://doi.org/10.21107/ijae.v15i1.19213
Wibowo, T., & Santoso, I. (2024). Stigma sosial pangan lokal dan implikasinya terhadap kegagalan diversifikasi karbohidrat non-beras di perkotaan. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, 18(1), 72-88. https://doi.org/10.20961/jsep.v18i1.74512
World Bank. (2024). Indonesia economic prospects: Towards a secure and climate-resilient food system. World Bank Group.
Published
2026-07-21
How to Cite
Desi Anggaraini, Muh. Arifin Fattah, Amruddin, Mohammad Natsir, & Nurdin. (2026). Trend of Carbohydrate Food Consumption in Urban Areas of South Sulawesi. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 5(04), 4816-4832. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i04.5303
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