Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Bina Bangsa, Indonesia

Wahyu Winda Asmara

doi:10.63922/ijebir.v5i04.5472

Wahyu Winda Asmara Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Bina Bangsa, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i04.5472

Keywords: work stress; workload; work motivation; work discipline; employee performance.

Abstract

Employee work discipline is a strategic determinant of organizational success, particularly in heavy manufacturing industries that demand strict compliance with quality and occupational safety standards. This study examines the antecedents of work discipline work stress, workload, and work motivation and its consequence for employee performance at PT. XYZ, an ISO 9001:2015-certified heavy fabrication company in Cilegon, Banten. The study was motivated by fluctuating employee punctuality rates recorded between January and May 2025, alongside unstable repair-ratio performance during the first half of 2025. A quantitative explanatory survey design was employed, involving 79 employees drawn from a population of 356 through proportionate stratified random sampling based on the Slovin formula. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS version 4.1.1.8. The results show that work stress, workload, and work motivation each have a positive and significant effect on work discipline, and work discipline in turn has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work stress, workload, and work motivation also exert direct and significant effects on employee performance, jointly explaining 80.1% of its variance. Contrary to the negative relationships initially hypothesized, work stress and workload were found to positively influence both work discipline and performance, suggesting that moderate, manageable job demands function as motivating challenges rather than debilitating hindrances within this industrial context.

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