Priority Analysis Of Defect Risk In Crab (Portunus Pelagicus) Processing Using The Failure Mode And Effect Analysis (Fmea) Method In The Crab Industry Of Maros Regency

Muhammad Yusri Yunus; Yusuf Yusuf; Nursanti Nursanti; Janny Jovita Pakanan; Nur Islah Sugianto

doi:10.63922/ijebir.v5i04.5629

Muhammad Yusri Yunus Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Program Studi Teknik Industri, Universitas Wira Bakti
Yusuf Yusuf Universitas Wira Bakti
Nursanti Nursanti Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Program Studi Teknik Industri, Universitas Wira Bakti
Janny Jovita Pakanan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Program Studi Teknik Industri, Universitas Wira Bakti
Nur Islah Sugianto Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Program Studi Teknik Industri, Universitas Wira Bakti

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i04.5629

Keywords: Defect, Fishbone Diagram, FMEA, Portunus pelagicus, RPN

Abstract

The swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is a highly perishable fishery commodity with high economic value. In the home industry in Maros Regency, quality constraints in the form of defects in swimming crab meat products are still frequently found and have an impact on economic losses. This study aims to identify the types of defects, measure the level of risk of failure in the swimming crab processing process, determine improvement priorities, and formulate recommendations for appropriate quality management strategies. The research approach used is descriptive quantitative with the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method and root cause analysis using the Fishbone Diagram. Primary data were obtained through direct observation and assessment of the Severity (S), Occurrence (O), and Detection (D) parameters by five expert respondents. During the period of January–June 2026, the total defects recorded were 62.90 kg with a defect rate of 1.86% of the total meat produced. Quantitatively, "stale" defects were the most dominant failure with a contribution of 51.03%. However, the FMEA analysis results show differences in risk priorities, where the "loss of aroma" defect occupies the top priority for improvement with the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) value of 538.14 due to its characteristics being the most difficult to detect (D = 9.60). The next risk priorities are contamination (RPN = 462.34), staleness (RPN = 291.84), and softness (RPN = 129.60). This study confirms that quality control priorities cannot be determined solely based on the frequency of occurrence, but must be based on comprehensive risks. The improvement strategy is recommended through a parallel approach: systemic prevention for loss of aroma defects and rapid corrective action in the form of tightening cold chain discipline to suppress stale defects

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