The Standing Of Electronic Archives As Legal Evidence In Indonesian Courts
Keywords:
Electronic Archives, Legal Evidence, ITE Law, Law No. 1 of 2024, Indonesian Judiciary, Digital Proof
Abstract
Indonesian courts now routinely admit electronic archives as evidence in both civil and criminal cases. This study analyzes their legal standing using a normative juridical method with statutory and analytical approaches, examining the ITE Law No. 11 of 2008 jo. Law No. 19 of 2016, Law No. 1 of 2024 on the Second Amendment to the ITE Law, the Archives Law No. 43 of 2009, the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), and the Civil Code. Article 5 of the ITE Law recognizes electronic archives as valid evidence and treats them as an extension of existing evidence categories. In practice, however, their evidentiary strength remains discretionary and cannot stand alone; it requires support from other evidence such as expert testimony. The study also identifies challenges in implementation: authentication, data integrity, electronic system standardization, and limited understanding of digital forensics among law enforcement officials. The legal framework already accommodates electronic archives as evidence, but strengthening their standing and evidentiary power in Indonesian courts still requires harmonizing regulations (including the implications of Law No. 1 of 2024), building legal human resource capacity, and developing digital infrastructure.
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Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. (2024). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2024 Nomor 1, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6887.
Bangsa, W. I., & Zarani, T. R. (2023). Legality of electronic information according to Law No. 19 of 2016 as evidence in trials at court. International Journal of Research and Review, 10(1), 414–420. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230152
Eka Dian, K. W., & Soewondo, S. S. (2022). Electronic evidence in criminal procedural law. Journal of Law and Policy Governance, 104, 45–58.
Fitra, G. F., Pratimaratri, U., & Syafridatati, S. (2015). Kedudukan surat elektronik (e-mail) sebagai alat pembuktian dalam undang-undang pidana tertentu di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Universitas Bung Hatta, 6(1), 1–15.
Haidar, A. J., & Laili, Z. S. B. (2024). Dinamika peran alat bukti elektronik sebagai alat bukti pada sistem pembuktian tindak pidana di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial Politik, 2(3), 123–140. https://doi.org/10.59581/jhspwidyakarya.v2i3.3398
Iswari, D. A. I. D., & Rudy, D. G. (2023). Examining the legal standing of digital signatures under civil and ITE laws. Policy Law Notary and Regulatory Issues (POLRI), 2(2), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.55047/polri.v2i2.603
Kartika, P. P. (2019). Data elektronik sebagai alat bukti yang sah dalam pembuktian tindak pidana pencucian uang. Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law, 1(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.31960/IJOCL.V1I1.146
Murti, G. P. K. A. V., & Yustiawan, D. G. P. (2023). Legal consequences of electronic agreements reviewed from article 1866 of the civil code. Policy Law Notary and Regulatory Issues (POLRI), 2(1), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.55047/polri.v2i1.535
Nugroho, D. M., & Sulistiyono, S. A. (2017). The existence of electronic evidence in verification law system in Indonesia from the judge’s perspective. Law Review, 17(1), 1–20.
Pakpahan, N. H., Prasetyo, T., Setyorini, E. H., Djafar, F., Susanto, L., & Tyas, D. K. (2022). Trial proving in electronic criminal case trial based on the dignified justice perspective. Ius Poenale, 3(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.25041/ip.v3i1.2452
Purwaningrum, D., & Marbun, R. (2023). Electronic device confiscation as personal data breach: A throw in the truth-games. In Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (Vol. 762, pp. 451–456). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-164-7_64
Razak, K. (2025). Analisis yuridis terhadap rekam medis elektronik sebagai alat bukti sengketa medis. Citizen: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 5(3), 234–248. https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v5i3.854
Sopacua, M. G. (2020). Submission of electronic evidence in general crimes and special crimes. Scholar International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 3(4), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.36348/SIJLCJ.2020.V03I04.006
Suryana, A., Sakma, M. S., & Suryana, A. (2025). Can electronic evidence constitute sufficient grounds for criminal liability? Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren, 7(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.46924/jihk.v7i1.323
Tarigan, M. I. (2014). Dokumen elektronik sebagai alat bukti dalam perspektif pembaruan hukum acara perdata Indonesia. USU Law Journal, 2(2), 24–44.
Tinring, A. D., Busthami, D. S., & Yunus, A. (2019). Kedudukan dokumen elektronik sebagai alat bukti dalam hukum acara perdata di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 1–18.
Utami, G. C., & Wiraguna, S. A. (2025). Pembuktian digital dalam sengketa perdata: Menguji validitas formil dan materiil dokumen elektronik di era modern. Referendum, 2(4), 112–130. https://doi.org/10.62383/referendum.v2i4.1360
Wahyudi, A. V., & Winanti, A. (2025). Evidentiary strength of electronic evidence in civil disputes within the framework of Bayyinah: A case study of Decision No. 22/PDT.G/2021/PN DGL. Diktum (Pare-pare), 24(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.35905/diktum.v24i1.14748
Wibawa, V. S., Sudarsono, S., & Istislam, I. (2022). The prudence of administrative judges in the digital evidence in the era of applying e-government information technology. Journal of International Legal Communication, 7, 23–29. https://doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2022.7.pp.23-29
Herziene Indonesisch Reglement (HIR). (1941). Staatsblad 1941 Nomor 44.
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata [KUH Perdata]. (1847). Staatsblad 1847 Nomor 23.
Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP). (1981). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1981 Nomor 76, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3209.
Undang-Undang Nomor 43 Tahun 2009 tentang Kearsipan. (2009). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2009 Nomor 152, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5071.
Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. (2008). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2008 Nomor 58, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4843.
Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. (2016). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2016 Nomor 251, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5952.
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. (2024). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2024 Nomor 1, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6887.
Published
2026-09-04
How to Cite
Joko Kurniawan. (2026). The Standing Of Electronic Archives As Legal Evidence In Indonesian Courts. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 5(05), 3355-3369. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i05.6381
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