Work Safety Mitigation On Bunker Ships  (Case Study: NW Maritime PTD Ltd)

Zefanus Waruwu; Freddy Johanis Rumambi; Haris Djoko  Nugroho

doi:10.63922/ijebir.v5i05.6528

Zefanus Waruwu Institut Bisnis dan Multimedia asmi Jakarta
Freddy Johanis Rumambi Institut Bisnis dan Multimedia asmi Jakarta
Haris Djoko Nugroho Institut Bisnis dan Multimedia asmi Jakarta

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i05.6528

Keywords: Bunkering Operations, Safety Mitigation, Safety Management System, Human Factors, Safety Culture, Risk Management

Abstract

Bunkering operations are high-risk maritime activities involving flammable fuels, pressurized transfer systems, environmental conditions, and potential human error. At NW Maritime Pte Ltd, safety mitigation is essential to prevent fires, explosions, oil spills, hazardous exposure, equipment failure, and accidents. This study aims to analyze the implementation of safety systems, evaluate safety conditions, identify bunkering hazards, and assess the effectiveness of existing mitigation measures. This qualitative study employed a case study approach using in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. Data were analyzed through coding and the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña interactive model, supported by triangulation. Findings indicate that NW Maritime Pte Ltd has implemented a Safety Management System through SOPs, Risk Assessment, JSA, Toolbox Meetings, Permit to Work, PPE, safety training, inspections, drills, emergency procedures, and incident reporting. Overall, mitigation measures are effective, and safety conditions are good and controlled. However, human factors remain the dominant challenge, particularly fatigue, communication deficiencies, inconsistent discipline, overconfidence, and operational pressure. Technical and environmental conditions require continuous control. The study concludes that effective mitigation depends on safety leadership, risk governance, human reliability, technical reliability, and continuous improvement. The company should strengthen scenario-based training, digital safety monitoring, workload management, near-miss reporting, preventive maintenance, and unannounced safety audits

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