The Role of Digital Leadership, Digital Literacy, and Organizational Culture in Enhancing Employee Performance at PT Guna Cipta Sinergi
Keywords:
Digital Leadership, Digital Literacy, Organizational Culture, Employee Performance, Digital Transformation
Abstract
This study examines the effects of digital leadership, digital literacy, and organizational culture on employee performance at PT Guna Cipta Sinergi, both individually and simultaneously. The study is motivated by digital transformation in the Industrial Revolution 4.0, which requires adaptive human resource management, particularly among ATM technical service providers facing rapid banking system modernization. A quantitative explanatory survey was conducted among 150 permanent employees at the company’s head office. Using the Slovin formula with a 5% margin of error and simple random sampling, 110 respondents were selected. Data were collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through multiple linear regression using SPSS 26.0. The results indicate that digital leadership positively and significantly affects employee performance (t = 4.588; p < 0.001), as does digital literacy (t = 3.986; p < 0.001) and organizational culture (t = 4.319; p < 0.001). Simultaneously, the three variables significantly influence employee performance (F = 78.412; p < 0.001). The Adjusted R² of 0.681 indicates that the model explains 68.1% of the variance in employee performance, while 31.9% is attributable to other factors. The study contributes empirical evidence on the complementary role of leadership, digital competence, and organizational culture in supporting employee performance within a technology-intensive service company. Its novelty lies in examining these three dimensions simultaneously in the context of ATM technical services. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening digital leadership, digital literacy, and an adaptive organizational culture.
References
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Madyoningrum, A. W., & Manalu, G. (2026). The Evolution Of Digital Leadership Research: A Systematic Literature Review On Employee Performance. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 3(1), 269–276. https://doi.org/10.69714/8eck3e44
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Munir, M., Firdaus, R., Suhardi, S., & Amin, M. (2024). The Influence of Digital Leadership, Work-Life Balance, Employee Engagement, and Organizational Learning on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Moderating Variable. International Journal of Applied Finance and Business Studies, 12(3), 204–216. https://doi.org/10.35335/ijafibs.v12i4.332
Muniroh, M., Hamidah, H., & Abdullah, T. (2022). Managerial implications on the relation of digital leadership, digital culture, organizational learning, and innovation of the employee performance (case study of PT. Telkom digital and next business department). Management and Entrepreneurship: Trends of Development, 1(19), 58–75. https://doi.org/10.26661/2522-1566/2022-1/19-05
Ng, D. T. K., Ng, R. C. W., & Chu, S. K. W. (2023). Engaging students in virtual tours to learn language and digital literacy. Journal of Computers in Education, 10(3), 575–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-023-00262-2
Novitasari, D., Anshori, M. Y., & Shiela, F. J. H. (2025). The Effect of Digital Leadership on Performance through Task-Technology Fit and AI Literacy in Creative Industries. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(6), 5417–5428. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i6.3832
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Saleh, B., Ahman, E., & Rofaidah, R. (2025). Systematic Literature Reviews: The Influence of Digital Leadership on Digital Transformation. 777–785. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-817-2_91
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Vebryana, V., Herachwati, N., Nadia, F. N. D., & Akbar, R. F. (2024). The influence of digital literacy and digital leadership mediated by employee motivation on the performance of East Java Province government ASN employees. International Journal of Science and Society, 6(1), 314–329.
Wibowo, A. (2025). Manajemen Transformasi Digital Industri 4.0. Penerbit Yayasan Prima Agus Teknik. https://penerbit.stekom.ac.id/index.php/yayasanpat/article/view/593
Yang, M., Li, J., Rowley, C., Chen, W., & Feng, Y. (2025). Digital leadership: Conceptualization, measurement, and its impact on corporate performance. Asia Pacific Business Review, 0(0), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602381.2025.2543370
Albannai, N. A. A., Raziq, M. M., Malik, M., & Abrar, A. (2024). Digital leadership and its impact on agility, innovation and resilience: A qualitative study of the UAE media industry. Benchmarking: An International Journal, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). (world). https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-06-2024-0492
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Bougie, R., & Sekaran, U. (2025). Research Methods for Business, with eBook Access Code: A Skill Building Approach. john wiley & sons.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2024). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Field, A. (2024). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage publications limited.
George, D., & Mallery, P. (2024). IBM SPSS statistics 29 step by step: A simple guide and reference. routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781032622156/ibm-spss-statistics-29-step-step-darren-george-paul-mallery
Gujarati, D. N. (2021). Essentials of econometrics. Sage Publications.
Gunawan, A., Yuniarsih, T., Sobandi, A., & Muhidin, S. A. (2023). Digital Leadership towards Performance Through Mediation of Organizational Commitment to E-commerce in Indonesia. Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), 5(1Sp), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.34306/att.v5i1Sp.325
Hair, J., & Alamer, A. (2022). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in second language and education research: Guidelines using an applied example. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, 1(3), 100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmal.2022.100027
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hasbullah, H., Cn, Y., Surya, A., Kumalasari, N., & Cindy, C. (2023). Literasi Digital sebagai Alat Pengembangan dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Manusia pada Ibu PKK di Desa Wisata Pulau Pahawang Lampung. Ahsana: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(3), 116–121. https://doi.org/10.59395/ahsana.v1i3.330
Ifenthaler, D. (2022). A systems perspective on data and analytics for distance education. Distance Education, 43(2), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2022.2064828
Indriyani, S., Sari, P. N., Nurhartanto, A., & Hairudin, H. (2025). Literasi Manajemen dalam Pengembangan Usaha Pengelolaan Desa Wisata di Way Tebing Cepa, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. ANDASIH Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 6(1), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.57084/andasih.v6i1.1884
Kamala, J., Nurilawati, Limbong, E., Halawa, L. L., & Pangestoeti, W. (2026). Mengidentifikasi Tantangan dan Peluang Kepemimpinan Digital serta Strategi Solusinya dalam Organisasi Modern. JURNAL MULTIDISIPLIN ILMU AKADEMIK, 3(1), 1108–1116. https://doi.org/10.61722/jmia.v3i1.8305
Khaira, N. (2024). Peran literasi digital dan kepemimpinan digital terhadap kinerja karyawan: Studi kasus generasi millenial dan Z di GoTo Group. INOBIS: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen Indonesia, 7(2), 135–147.
Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., De Vet, H. C. W., & Van Der Beek, A. J. (2021). Measuring individual work performance: Identifying and selecting indicators. Work, 48(2), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-131659
Kumalasari, N., Masthurah, Hairudin, H., Maryani, A., & Khoirina, S. (2026). The Impact of Digital Leadership on Employee Performance in the Era of AI: The Mediating Role of Digital Literacy and Financial Literacy. Asian Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship and Social Science, 6(02), 746–764. https://doi.org/10.63922/ajmesc.v6i02.1596
Lukito, D., Suharnomo, S., Perdhana, M. S., & Jayanti, S. T. (2025). Digital Organizational Culture: Concept and Scale Development. Journal The Winners, 26(1), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v26i1.13405
Madyoningrum, A. W., & Manalu, G. (2026). The Evolution Of Digital Leadership Research: A Systematic Literature Review On Employee Performance. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 3(1), 269–276. https://doi.org/10.69714/8eck3e44
Malhotra, N. K., Nunan, D., & Birks, D. F. (2020). Marketing research. Pearson UK.
Moleong, L. J. (2021). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Muhadi, M., Hairudin, H., Oktaria, I., & Adelita, I. (2023). Legal Protection in the Application of Fintech in the Digital Age for MSMEs Modernization. 1086–1094. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-180-7_110
Munir, M., Firdaus, R., Suhardi, S., & Amin, M. (2024). The Influence of Digital Leadership, Work-Life Balance, Employee Engagement, and Organizational Learning on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Moderating Variable. International Journal of Applied Finance and Business Studies, 12(3), 204–216. https://doi.org/10.35335/ijafibs.v12i4.332
Muniroh, M., Hamidah, H., & Abdullah, T. (2022). Managerial implications on the relation of digital leadership, digital culture, organizational learning, and innovation of the employee performance (case study of PT. Telkom digital and next business department). Management and Entrepreneurship: Trends of Development, 1(19), 58–75. https://doi.org/10.26661/2522-1566/2022-1/19-05
Ng, D. T. K., Ng, R. C. W., & Chu, S. K. W. (2023). Engaging students in virtual tours to learn language and digital literacy. Journal of Computers in Education, 10(3), 575–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-023-00262-2
Novitasari, D., Anshori, M. Y., & Shiela, F. J. H. (2025). The Effect of Digital Leadership on Performance through Task-Technology Fit and AI Literacy in Creative Industries. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(6), 5417–5428. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i6.3832
Paulina, O. (2023). The Effect of Digital Leadership and Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance. Review: Journal of Multidisciplinary in Social Sciences, 1(01), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.59422/rjmss.v1i01.193
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2025). Essentials of organizational behavior. BoD–Books on Demand.
Saleh, B., Ahman, E., & Rofaidah, R. (2025). Systematic Literature Reviews: The Influence of Digital Leadership on Digital Transformation. 777–785. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-817-2_91
Satriawan, B., Hizam, N., Elkarima, N., & Pawar, A. (2025). Examining the impact of vitality, digital literacy, and transformational leadership on millennial job performance: The mediating role of employee agility in indonesia’s digital sector. JBTI : Jurnal Bisnis : Teori Dan Implementasi, 16(3), Press-Press.
Schein, E. H. (2020). Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 2). John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.com/books?hl=id&lr=&id=DlGhlT34jCUC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=Edgar+H.+Schein+&ots=-ft25rVjGP&sig=m6OKJ-na5yAoOxpboqqxlMBM81Y
Shaikh, S., Junejo, I., & Ramish, M. S. (2024). Digital Alchemy: Unraveling the Moderating Roles of Digital Literacy and Employee Engagement. Market Forces, 19(2), 141–174. https://doi.org/10.51153/mf.v19i2.685
Sihaloho, Z. E., Warasi, E., Zai, F., Lawolo, M. T., Zega, N. S., Halawa, Y. L., & Prabowo, A. (2025). Perilaku Organisasi Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Dan Efektivitas Karyawan. Journal of Innovative and Creativity, 5(3), 35045–35049. https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i3.5519
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. CV Alfabeta.
Taherdoost, H. (2022). Designing a Questionnaire for a Research Paper: A Comprehensive Guide to Design and Develop an Effective Questionnaire. Asian Journal of Managerial Science, 11(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2022.11.1.3087
Teece, D. J. (2023). The Evolution of the Dynamic Capabilities Framework. In R. Adams, D. Grichnik, A. Pundziene, & C. Volkmann (Eds.), Artificiality and Sustainability in Entrepreneurship: Exploring the Unforeseen, and Paving the Way to a Sustainable Future (pp. 113–129). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11371-0_6
Tiong, P., Sumaryo, P., & Simamora, S. A. P. (2024). The Influence of Digital Competency, Employee Engagement, and Leadership Style on SME Employee Performance in Indonesia: Innovation Capability as A Mediator and Organizational Culture as A Moderator in the Society 5.0 Era. STI Policy and Management Journal, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.14203/STIPM.2024.405
Van Laar, E., Van Deursen, A. J. A. M., Van Dijk, J. A. G. M., & De Haan, J. (2020). Determinants of 21st-Century Skills and 21st-Century Digital Skills for Workers: A Systematic Literature Review. Sage Open, 10(1), 2158244019900176. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900176
Vebryana, V., Herachwati, N., Nadia, F. N. D., & Akbar, R. F. (2024). The influence of digital literacy and digital leadership mediated by employee motivation on the performance of East Java Province government ASN employees. International Journal of Science and Society, 6(1), 314–329.
Wibowo, A. (2025). Manajemen Transformasi Digital Industri 4.0. Penerbit Yayasan Prima Agus Teknik. https://penerbit.stekom.ac.id/index.php/yayasanpat/article/view/593
Yang, M., Li, J., Rowley, C., Chen, W., & Feng, Y. (2025). Digital leadership: Conceptualization, measurement, and its impact on corporate performance. Asia Pacific Business Review, 0(0), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602381.2025.2543370
Published
2026-09-21
How to Cite
Purbaya, B., Eka Travilta Oktaria, & Dewi Silvia. (2026). The Role of Digital Leadership, Digital Literacy, and Organizational Culture in Enhancing Employee Performance at PT Guna Cipta Sinergi. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 5(05), 4875-4892. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i05.6624
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