The Effect Of Capital Expenditure, Proper Sanitation, Dependency Ratio, And Poverty Line On The Human Development Index In Jambi Province

Keke Aprianti; Hardiani Hardiani; Helen Parkhurst

doi:10.63922/ijebir.v5i06.6912

Keke Aprianti Development Economics, FEB, University of Jambi
Hardiani Hardiani Development Economics, FEB, University of Jambi
Helen Parkhurst Development Economics, FEB, University of Jambi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i06.6912

Keywords: Keywords: Human Development Index, Capital Expenditure, Improved Sanitation, Dependency Ratio, Poverty Line, Random Effect Model

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the development of capital expenditure, improved sanitation, the dependency ratio, and the poverty line, and to examine their effects on the Human Development Index (HDI) across the regencies and municipalities of Jambi Province during 2015–2025. A quantitative, associative research design with secondary panel data was employed. Model selection tests identify the Random Effect Model (REM) as the most appropriate estimator. The results show that capital expenditure has a negative and insignificant effect on the HDI, improved sanitation has a positive and significant effect, the dependency ratio has a negative and insignificant effect, and the poverty line has a positive and significant effect. Simultaneously, all independent variables significantly affect the HDI. These findings suggest that improving human development requires effective allocation of capital expenditure, expanded access to improved sanitation, better management of the population structure to reduce the dependency burden, and enhanced community welfare so that minimum living needs can be fully fulfilled.

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