The Effect of Maritime Safety Training and the Availability of Safety Equipment on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) and the Performance of Evergreen Container Ship Crews at Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang
Keywords:
Maritime Safety Training, Safety Equipment Availability, Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), Ship Crew Performance, Maritime Safety
Abstract
This study examines the effects of maritime safety training and the availability of safety equipment on occupational health and safety (OHS) and ship crew performance aboard Evergreen container ships at Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang. A quantitative, descriptive-associative approach was employed using multiple regression and correlation analyses to assess the relationships among the research variables. The findings indicate that maritime safety training and safety equipment availability received average ratings of 4.84 and 4.70, respectively, while OHS and ship crew performance achieved average ratings of 4.73 and 4.81. Regression analysis demonstrates that safety training and equipment availability jointly and significantly influence OHS (F = 13.558, p < 0.05) and ship crew performance (F = 17.756, p < 0.05). Both variables also have positive and significant partial effects on OHS and crew performance. The adjusted R-squared values indicate that the independent variables explain 34.8% of the variation in OHS and 41.6% of the variation in crew performance. These findings highlight the importance of integrating structured safety training with adequate, well-maintained safety equipment to strengthen crew competence, improve workplace safety, and enhance operational effectiveness. Further attention is recommended for lifeboat readiness and workload management to support safer and more reliable maritime operations.
References
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Khan, M., Ahmed, M., & Hussain, S. (2019). The Impact of Safety Investment on Operational Efficiency and Client Satisfaction in Shipping Companies. International Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 14(5).
Khomeiny, A. S. El, Primanta, F., & Nasution, S. (2019). Peran Safety Management System dalam Keselamatan Pelayaran. Urnal Manajemen Bisnis Transportasi Dan Logistik, 5(3), 375–380. https://doi.org/10.54324/j.mbtl.v5i3.815
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Sitorus, R. B., Tamba, W., Setyobudi, D., & Sumali, B. (2024). Peran Keselamatan Awakkapal Memediasi Perawatan Peralatan Keselamatan Terhadap Kinerja Awakkapal Sk Offshore Marine Di Pelabuhan Labuan-Malaysia. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, Dan Akuntansi), 8(2). https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v8i2.4071
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Baliyan, R., & Dhankher, D. (2022). Drills and Training on board Ship in Maritime Transport. JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal, 8(6), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PBRJK
Bridger, R. S. (2018). Introduction to Human Factors and Ergonomics. CRC Press.
Burgén, J., & Bram, S. (2024). Safety on Automated Passenger Ships: Exploration of Evacuation Scenarios for Coastal Vessels. Maritime Transport Research, 6(100110). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.martra.2024.100110
Bustamin, M. O., Asid, N. J., & Alnurtama, M. R. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pekerja Konstruksi Menggunakan Metode Random Sampling. Publikasi Riset Orientasi Teknik Sipil (Proteksi), 5(2), 99–107. https://doi.org/10.26740/proteksi.v5n2.p99-107
Dhany, M., Azhmy, M. F., & Pasaribu, F. (2024). Analysis of The Role of Safety Training in Improving the Quality of Human Resources Onboard Mv. Golden Competence. Journal of Management Entrepreneurship and Tourism, 2(2), 269–275. https://doi.org/10.61277/jmet.v2i2.142
Djulis, S., Sadjiono, I., Suhartini, S., & Malisan, M. (2019). Analisis Keselamatan Transportasi Angkutan Penyeberangan Bira-Pamatata: Studi Kasus Tenggelamnya Kapal Ferry KM. Lestari Maju. Meteor STIP Marunda, 2(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.36101/msm.v12i1.59
EMSA. (2021). Annual Report on Maritime Safety. European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA). https://www.emsa.europa.eu/publications/item/4778-emsa-consolidated-annual-activity-report-2021.html
Erwin, R. (2022). Tanggung Jawab Negara Untuk Mencegah Terjadinya Kecelakaan Kapal Sebagai Sarana Transportasi Menurut Hukum Internasional dan Hukum Indonesia. Supremasi Jurnal Hukum, 4(2), 177–199. https://doi.org/10.36441/supremasi.v4i2.716
Fan, S., Blanco-Davis, E., Fairclough, S., Zhang, J., Yan, X., Wang, J., & Yang, Z. (2023). Incorporation of Seafarer Psychological Factors Into Maritime Safety Assessment. Ocean and Coastal Management, 23(November), 106515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106515
Gemirico, P. B. (2023). Pengaruh Pelatihan Keselamatan Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Awak Kapal Pada Ohc Shipmanagement Pte. Ltd. Tahun 2022 [Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran Jakarta]. http://simdokumentasi.stipjakarta.ac.id/handle/123456789/3516?show=full
Hadiwinoto, N. S. (2023). Pengaruh Pendidikan, pengalaman Kerja dan Pelatihan Safety LEadership terhadap Kinerja Perwira Kapal Anthony Veder di PT Equinox Bahari. Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya.
Hartono, W., Ridwansyah, F., & Sugiyarto. (2016). Analisis Pengaruh Penggunaan Alat Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Terhadap Kinerja Pekerja Konstruksi (Studi Kasus Pembangunan Waduk Logung Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah). E-Jurnal MATRIKS TEKNIK SIPIL, 4(1), 246–253. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/matriks/article/viewFile/37135/24360
Hendrawan, A. (2020). Program Kesehatan Dan Keselamatan Kerja Di Atas Kapal. Jurnal Sains Teknologi Transportasi Maritim, 2(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.51578/j.sitektransmar.v2i1.12
Hendrawan, A. (2022). Peningkatan Keselamatan Pelayaran dengan Pembelajaran Organisasi di Atas Kapal. Marine Science and Technology Journal, 3(1), 6–11. https://doi.org/10.31331/maristec.v3i1.2251
IMO. (2020). Maritime Safety and Human Element. International Maritime Organization. https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/HumanElement/Pages/Default.aspx#:~:text=The human element is recognized,focus on the human element.
Khan, M., Ahmed, M., & Hussain, S. (2019). The Impact of Safety Investment on Operational Efficiency and Client Satisfaction in Shipping Companies. International Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 14(5).
Khomeiny, A. S. El, Primanta, F., & Nasution, S. (2019). Peran Safety Management System dalam Keselamatan Pelayaran. Urnal Manajemen Bisnis Transportasi Dan Logistik, 5(3), 375–380. https://doi.org/10.54324/j.mbtl.v5i3.815
Kuncowati. (2024). Strategy to Improve Safety On Cargo Ships. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 9(153), 45–52. https://rjoas.com/issue-2024-09/article_05.pdf
Lasse, D. A. (2017). Manajemen Bisnis Transportasi Laut, Carter, dan Klaim. PT. Rajagrafindo Persada.
Maliota, B. J., Lasse, D. A., & Setyawati, A. (2020). Tata Kelola Kapal dan Kinerja Keselamatan Pelayaran. Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG), 7(3), 258–269. https://doi.org/10.54324/j.mtl.v7i3.411
Mangkunegara, A. P. (2020). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Instansi (14th ed.). PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Maulidia, D., Ardani, M. F., Sulistiawati, S., Narantaka, & Maruf. (2024). Analisis Keselamatan Dan Evaluasi Risiko Kecelakaan: Studi Kasus Kerusakan Dermaga Akibat Keputusan Olah Gerak Di Pelabuhan XYZ. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Maritim (JSTM), 25(1), 14–28. https://doi.org/10.33556/jstm.v25i1.416
Naily, M. F., Budiarto, U., & Adietya, B. A. (2019). Implementasi ISM Code pada Kapal-kapal di Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang dengan Metode Deskriptif Kuantitatif. Jurnal Teknik Perkapalan, 7(4), 587–596. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/naval/article/view/24645
Nanggala, G. S., Mudiyanto, M., & Kristiawan, D. (2024). Optimization the Use of Work Safety Equipment for MV. Oriental Jade Crew Members to Support Zero Accident. Jurnal Aplikasi Pelayaran Dan Kepelabuhanan, 15(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.30649/japk.v15i1.120
Purnomo, E., Setiawan, B., & Hadi, T. (2021). Building a Culture of Safety in Maritime Operations: The Impact of Safety Training and Equipment on Emergency Response. Journal of Maritime Technology and Safety, 9(4).
Puspitawati, D. (2019). Implikasi Yuridis Atas Penerapan ISM Code dan ISPS Code di Indonesia. Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan, 7(3), 384. https://doi.org/10.29303/ius.v7i3.720
Putra, Y. E., Malik, D., & Anggraeny, E. F. (2024). Pelaksanaan Pelatihan Evakuasi Dalam Situasi Darurat Untuk Meningkatkan Keselamatan Penumpang Kapal di KMP Jatra 2. Jurnal Aplikasi Pelayaran Dan Kepelabuhanan, 15(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.30649/japk.v15i1.112
Rahman, A. (2024). Upaya Peningkatan Keselamatan Pelayaran dari Aspek Peralatan dan Manajemen Keselamatan Kapal. ILTEK : Jurnal Teknologi, 19(1), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.47398/iltek.v19i01.153
Sagala, F. T. Z. W. (2021). Peran Organisasi Maritim Internasional ( International Maritime Organization ) Melalui Konvensi Di Bidang Kemaritiman Dalam Lalulintas Perdagangan Internasional Di Wilayah Perairan Indonesia. Selisik, 7(2), 162–176. https://journal.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/selisik/article/view/3066
Saifudin, I., Palapa, A., Teriyanti, Wijaya, H., & Purnomo, H. (2024). Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan Dasar-Dasar Keselamatan di Atas Kapal Kepada para Nelayan Desa Sapa Timur dan Relevansinya terhadap Keselamatan Pelayaran. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Waradin, 4(3), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.56910/wrd.v4i3.366
Santoso, K. T., & Prebawa, C. A. A. (2023). Analisis Peran Syahbandar, Kemampuan Berkomunikasi dan Ism Code Terhadap Keselamatan Pelayaran (Studi Kasus di Pelabuhan Penyeberangan Padang Bai Bali). Jurnal Manuhara: Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 1(4), 385–406. https://doi.org/10.61132/manuhara.v1i4.687
Saputra, D. P. (2022). Sistem Manajemen Transportasi Laut. CV. Budi Utama.
Saputra, D. P. (2023). Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan Kapal Sesuai ISM-Code. Deepublish Publisher.
Setyawan, R., Irawan, M., & Haryanto, S. (2020). Maritime Safety and Operational Efficiency: Analyzing the Impact of Safety Training on Cargo Ship Performance. Journal of Transportation and Maritime Safety, 14(4), 234–245.
Sitorus, R. B., Tamba, W., Setyobudi, D., & Sumali, B. (2024). Peran Keselamatan Awakkapal Memediasi Perawatan Peralatan Keselamatan Terhadap Kinerja Awakkapal Sk Offshore Marine Di Pelabuhan Labuan-Malaysia. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, Dan Akuntansi), 8(2). https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v8i2.4071
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D (S. E. Pratiwi (ed.)). Bandung :Penerbit Alfabeta.
Sumantri, S., & Susilawati, S. (2023). Program Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di Atas Kapal (Meningkatkan Keamanan Awak Kapal). Nanggroe: Journal Of Scholarly Service, 2(3), 359–366. https://jurnal.penerbitdaarulhuda.my.id/index.php/NJPC/article/view/327/352
Suwito, B. P., Duarte, E. B., & Prayogo, A. P. (2023). Penguatan Kelembagaan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai dalam UNCLOS 1982 dan Undang-Undang Pelayaran Tahun 2008. Jurnal Lemhannas RI, 11(3), 146–158. https://doi.org/10.55960/jlri.v11i3.473
Syifarani, V., & Susilawati. (2023). Program Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di Kapal : Systematic Literatur Review (SLR). Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(5), 1026–1034. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8082801
Tac, B. O., & Celik, M. (2022). Prediction of Emergency Preparedness Level On-Board Ships Using Discrete Event Simulation: the Case of Firefighting Drill. Transactions on Maritime Science., 11(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.7225/toms.v11.n02.008
Widiana, I. W., Muka, I. W., & Mahapatni, I. A. P. S. (2023). Pengaruh Penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Terhadap Produktivitas dan Kenyamanan Pekerja Konstruksi. Jurnal Ilmiah Kurva Teknik, 12(2), 121–131. https://doi.org/10.36733/jikt.v12i2.7605
Published
2026-10-21
How to Cite
Prakoso, S. A., Rudianto, R., & Rante, J. Z. (2026). The Effect of Maritime Safety Training and the Availability of Safety Equipment on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) and the Performance of Evergreen Container Ship Crews at Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang. International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research, 5(06), 1670-1692. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijebir.v5i06.6959
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