Analysis of Entrepreneurial Competency, Family Support For Entrepreneurial Interest Among Vocational High School Students In Mojokerto With Social Environment As A Mediating Variables

Eko Mety Setyowati; Eka Ananta Sidharta; Agus Sumanto

doi:10.63922/ijeter.v3i04.2369

Eko Mety Setyowati Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Eka Ananta Sidharta Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Agus Sumanto Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijeter.v3i04.2369

Keywords: entrepreneurial competence, family support, social environment, interest in entrepreneurship

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial competence and family support on entrepreneurial interest among vocational high school (SMK) students in Mojokerto, with social environment as a mediating variable. The background of this study is based on the importance of fostering entrepreneurial interest from an early age to encourage the creation of an independent and innovative young generation, as referred to in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The research method used a quantitative approach with Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis technique. The research sample consisted of 356 vocational high school students in Mojokerto who were selected purposively. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire with a Likert scale that measured the variables of entrepreneurial competence, family support, social environment, and entrepreneurial interest. The results of the analysis showed that entrepreneurial competence had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial interest. Family support was also proven to have a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial interest. In addition, the social environment acts as a mediating variable that strengthens the influence of entrepreneurial competence and family support on students' interest in entrepreneurship. These findings confirm that a combination of internal factors (entrepreneurial competence), external factors (family support), and social interaction (social environment) are important elements in building interest in entrepreneurship among vocational high school students. The practical implications of this study are the need to strengthen entrepreneurship learning programs in schools, tangible support from families, and the creation of a conducive social environment to encourage the growth of an entrepreneurial spirit among the younger generation

References

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behavior (2nd ed.). Open University Press.
Agu, A. G., Nwachukwu, A. N., & Okwor, A. C. (2021). Entrepreneurial competencies and performance of small businesses: The mediating role of social networks. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(2), 168–187. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-04-2019-0049
Al-Mamary, Y. H., Shamsuddin, A., & Aziati, N. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial competencies and intentions: A systematic review and research agenda. Management Science Letters, 10(16), 3747–3760. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.7.033
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.
Barbosa, S. D., Kickul, J., & Smith, B. R. (2020). The role of the family in entrepreneurial intention formation. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2019.1659678
Bazkiaei, H. A., Heng, L. H., Khan, N. U., Saufi, R. A., & Kasim, R. S. R. (2020). Do entrepreneurial competencies mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention? Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 23(3), 1–15.
Boldureanu, G., Ionescu, A. M., Bercu, A. M., Bedrule-Grigorut, M. V., & Boldureanu, D. (2020). Entrepreneurship education through successful entrepreneurial models in higher education institutions. Sustainability, 12(3), 1267. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031267
Capella-Peris, C., Gil-Gómez, J., & Martí-Vilar, M. (2020). Development of entrepreneurial competencies in higher education: Impact of active methodologies. Education + Training, 62(7/8), 733–749. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-03-2020-0050
Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of social theory. Harvard University Press.
Cunha, J., Bednar, P. M., & Sorrentino, D. (2020). Entrepreneurial competencies and intention among vocational students: Evidence from emerging economies. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 72(4), 611–629. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2019.1703847
Derera, E., Chitakunye, P., & O'Neill, C. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship education on students' entrepreneurial intentions: New insights from an African context. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 39(1/2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2020.104191
Eesley, C. E., & Lee, Y. S. (2021). Do university entrepreneurship programs promote entrepreneurship? Evidence from U.S. universities. Research Policy, 50(7), 104321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104321
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Gieure, C., Benavides-Espinosa, M. del M., & Roig-Dobón, S. (2020). Entrepreneurial intentions in an international university environment. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(1), 2–21. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-12-2018-0810
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2020). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Hendra, A., Prasetyo, A. R., & Mulyani, E. (2021). The effect of family support on students’ entrepreneurial interest: Mediating role of self-efficacy. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 24(2), 1–10.
Krueger, N. F. (2015). Entrepreneurial intentions are dead: Long live entrepreneurial intentions. In A. Fayolle & D. T. Redford (Eds.), Handbook on entrepreneurial intentions (pp. 13–34). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Lindeberg, T., Hienerth, C., & Lettl, C. (2022). Peer influence and entrepreneurial intentions: Evidence from vocational education. Journal of Small Business Management, 60(3), 495–518. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2021.1907589
Li, C., Murad, M., Shahzad, F., Khan, M. A. S., Ashraf, S. F., & Dogbe, C. S. K. (2023). Entrepreneurial competencies and entrepreneurial intentions: The mediating role of entrepreneurial passion. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 112233. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.112233
Nguyen, C., & Tran, H. T. (2022). The impact of entrepreneurial competencies on students’ intention to start a business: The mediating role of social support. Education and Training, 64(2), 245–263. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-03-2020-0045
Suriyankietkaew, S., Petison, P., & Muenjohn, N. (2022). Entrepreneurial orientation, family support, and student entrepreneurship: Evidence from emerging markets. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 14(1), 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-09-2019-0139
Urbano, D., Aparicio, S., & Audretsch, D. B. (2020). Twenty-five years of research on institutions, entrepreneurship, and economic growth: What has been learned? Small Business Economics, 54(2), 231–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0038-0.