Identification of Soil Bacteria in Several Paddy Fields (Oryza sativa L.) in Wita Ponda District

Novita Christanty Pasaungan; Nadine Sandra Agustina; Epriani Rimbun; Rahmat Hidayat

doi:10.63922/ijeter.v3i04.2741

Novita Christanty Pasaungan Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tadulako
Nadine Sandra Agustina Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tadulako
Epriani Rimbun Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tadulako
Rahmat Hidayat Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tadulako

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijeter.v3i04.2741

Keywords: Soil bacteria identification; soil pH; organic carbon; paddy field; Oryza sativa L.

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major agricultural commodity in Wita Ponda District and serves as the primary livelihood and economic support for local communities. However, rice productivity in this area remains relatively low, partly due to limited farmer knowledge regarding crop management and insufficient information on soil conditions, particularly soil nutrient content. This study aimed to identify soil bacteria present in paddy fields (Oryza sativa L.) in Wita Ponda District. The research was conducted from March to May 2024. Soil samples were collected from five locations in Wita Ponda District at a depth of 0–20 cm. One composite soil sample from each location was used for bacterial identification as well as for soil pH and organic carbon (C-organic) analysis.The results showed that a total of 1,184 bacterial isolates were identified from paddy fields located in Lantula Jaya, Bumi Harapan, Puntari Makmur, Emea, and Solonsa Jaya villages. Among these, 362 distinct bacterial isolates were grouped into four genera: Azotobacter (119 isolates), Bacillus (45 isolates), Marinococcus (181 isolates), and Corynebacterium (17 isolates). Soil pH values ranged from slightly acidic to neutral, with values of 6.49, 6.44, 6.90, and 6.68. Soil organic carbon content ranged from low to moderate, with values of 1.18%, 1.37%, 2.44%, 1.16%, and 1.81%.

References

Adiningsih, J. S. (1989). Evaluation of phosphate requirements in intensified paddy fields in Java. In Proceedings of the National Workshop on Fertilizer Use (pp. 63–89). Cipayung, Indonesia.
Anna. (1985). Fundamentals of soil science. Eastern Indonesia Inter-University Cooperation Agency.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Rice production statistics of Central Sulawesi Province. BPS Indonesia.
Baso, M. S. G., Hasanah, U., & Monde, A. (2014). Variability of soil chemical properties and organic carbon in forest and cocoa plantation land (Theobroma cacao L.). Agrotekbis, 2(6), 565–572.
Beneduzi, A., Ambrosini, A., & Passaglia, L. M. P. (2012). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): Their role in plant growth. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 35(4), 1044–1051.
Bonnet, M., Lagier, J. C., Raoult, D., & Khelaifia, S. (2020). Bacterial culture through selective and non-selective conditions: The evolution of culture media in clinical microbiology. New Microbes and New Infections, 34, 100622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100622
Chalia, U. R. H., Wibowo, U. R., & Sipriyadi. (2018). Potential of Corynebacterium sp. from Enggano Sea as antibacterial compound producer. In Proceedings of the National Biology Seminar (pp. 197–204). Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Despita, R. M. A., Dewi, F., Sholeh, M., Afirin, & Yuniana, T. (2017). Improvement of rice yield through bacterial leaf blight control using Corynebacterium sp. and botanical pesticides.
Fendy, F., Maulidya, Y., & Argarini, T. O. (2021). Strategies for controlling paddy field land-use conversion in East Java Province. Journal of Spatial Planning, 16(1), 47–53.
Firiadi, I., Perwira, I. Y., & Ernawati, N. M. (2018). Characteristics of wetland and dryland agriculture systems. Journal of Agricultural Studies, 5(2), 33–41.
Hanafiah, K. A. (2009). Fundamentals of soil science. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Hardjowigeno, S. (2007). Soil pH and its measurement. Soil Science Journal, 10(1), 25–32.
Hefdiyah, & Shovitri, M. (2014). Phosphate-solubilizing potential of Edwardsiella and Corynebacterium isolates from Poteran Island. Jurnal Teknik Pomits, 3(2), 75–79.
Holt, J. G., Krieg, N. R., Sneath, P. H. A., Staley, J. T., & Williams, S. T. (1994). Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology (9th ed.). Williams & Wilkins.
Husnaeni. (2018). Distribution of nitrogen in topsoil and subsoil under different land uses. Universitas Tadulako.
Kurniasari. (2022). History and development of rice cultivation. Journal of Agricultural History, 7(1), 12–21.
Kusumawardani, D. (2018). Isolation and characterization of rhizosphere bacteria from saline paddy fields as PGPR candidates.
Ladjinga, E., Hartono, G., & Arfa, R. A. (2020). Soil development on volcanic and sedimentary parent materials in Tidore Island. Proceedings of the National Agribusiness Seminar, 1(1), 89–102.
Liani, D. (2023). Soil quality assessment of paddy fields based on chemical properties. Bio-Journal of Biology Education, 8(3), 184–196.
Madigan, M. T., Martinko, J. M., & Parker, J. (2011). Brock biology of microorganisms (13th ed.). Pearson Education.
Nurmas, A., Nofianti, Rahman, A., & Khaeruni, A. (2014). Exploration and characterization of indigenous Azotobacter for biofertilizer development. Agroteknos, 4(2), 127–133.
Oktrisna, D., Puspita, F., & Zuhry, E. (2017). Effect of endophytic Bacillus sp. formulation on rice growth. JOM Faperta, 4(2), 1–12.
Padmawati, N. L. A., Arthagama, I. D. M., & Sulisa, K. D. (2017). Soil quality evaluation in Simantri and non-Simantri paddy fields. E-Journal of Tropical Agrotechnology, 6(2), 185–193.
Purba, R., Ramen, A., & Sitorus, S. R. P. (2021). Soil quality indicators for sustainable land management. Journal of Land Resources, 9(1), 55–63.
Suleman, S., Rajamuddin, U. A., & Isrun. (2016). Soil quality assessment under different land-use types. Agrotekbis, 4(6), 712–718.
Widiastuti, H., Siswanto, & Suharyanto. (2010). Selection of Azotobacter isolates to improve seed germination and plant growth. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 16(2), 160–167.
Wulansari, I. (2020). Sustainable agriculture: Food security and farmer resilience. Andi Publisher.