Analysis of National Security Strategies in Response to Conflicts and Competition over Oil Resources in the Indo-Pacific Region
Keywords:
National Strategy, Energy Security, Oil Resources, Defense Doctrine, Indo-Pacific Geopolitics
Abstract
The Indo-Pacific region has become the focal point of global geopolitical competition, involving major powers such as the United States, China, India, and Japan. The background of this study stems from the escalating rivalry and contest over oil resources in the region, which directly affects national security and regional stability, including that of Indonesia. The main objective of this research is to analyze the geopolitical dynamics, energy competition, and their implications for Indonesia’s national defense doctrine within the framework of the Indo-Pacific Strategy and the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP). This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach through an extensive literature review of international and national academic sources focusing on geopolitics and energy security. The findings indicate that the struggle for energy resources in the Indo-Pacific not only influences economic relations but also shapes the direction of national defense and diplomatic strategies. Consequently, Indonesia must renew its defense doctrine with a focus on maritime defense, energy security, and regional multilateral cooperation to safeguard sovereignty and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.
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Effendi, M., Hartono, R., Susilo, T., Arismunandar, S., & Wahyudi, E. (2025). GEOPOLITIK KEPEMIMPINAN GLOBAL DAN KOMPETISI SUMBER DAYA: PERSPEKTIF INDO-PASIFIK DAN PETA ULANG DOKTRIN PERTAHANAN RI. HUMANITIS: Jurnal Homaniora, Sosial Dan Bisnis, 3(7), 141–154.
Firdaus, M. R. S., Hendra, A., & Wirajuda, M. H. (2023). Dinamika Kebijakan Energi Minyak Bumi Amerika Serikat di Timur Tengah Pada Masa Bush Hingga Obama (2001-2016). Jurnal Elektrosista, 11(1), 47–57.
Furse, T. (2023). The political economy of US maritime strategy in the Indo-Pacific. The Pacific Review, 36(3), 662–690.
Haerulloh, A. A., & Martani, R. F. (2023). Analisis Geopolitik Abad 21 di Indo-Pasifik dan Persiapan Indonesia dalam Menyikapi Konflik di Laut Cina Selatan. Jurnal Lemhannas RI, 11(3), 187–201.
Hidayat, A. R., Alifah, N., Rodiansjah, A. A., & Asikin, M. Z. (2024). Sengketa Laut Cina Selatan: Analisis Realis terhadap Perebutan Kekuasaan, Respon Regional, dan Implikasi Geopolitik. Jurnal Syntax Admiration, 5(2), 579–591.
Hutahaean, G. M. N. (2024). ASEAN OUTLOOK ON THE INDO-PACIFIC SEBAGAI STRATEGI DIPLOMASI INDONESIA DI ASEAN PADA KAWASAN INDO-PASIFIK DALAM RANGKA MENJAGA STABILITAS KEAMANAN TAHUN 2019-2023. Universitas Nasional.
Indriyani, Y., Laksmono, R., Syhataria, M. I., & Uksan, A. (2022). Strategi Pertahanan Negara dalam Melindungi Sumber Energi di Wilayah Perbatasan: Studi Kasus Blok Ambalat & Kepulauan Natuna. Cakrawala: Jurnal Litbang Kebijakan, 16(1), 29–42.
Kelkar, A. (2024). Climate Change and Food Security in the Indo-Pacific: Challenges and Opportunities. Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, 7(2).
Kumar, N. (2024). India’s Role in Indo-Pacific Maritime Security: Challenges and Strategic Choices. Available at SSRN 5383190.
Len, C. (2022). Oil and Asian maritime security in the Indian Ocean. In Handbook on Oil and International Relations (pp. 94–112). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Lievonne, M. C., Timur, F. G. C., & Suryo, A. (n.d.). The rush to the Arctic: Geopolitical linkages and challenges for Indo-Pacific regional stability. International Review of Social Sciences Research, 5(1), 128–152.
Nashir, A. K., Komeini, Y., & Abdurofiq, A. (2022). The Indo-Pacific: A New Geography of Conflict. KnE Social Sciences, 84–89.
Nathan, K. S. (2024). Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia: The Geopolitical Nexus in Indo-Pacific Security. AEI Insights, 10(1), 14.
Nguyen, T. B., Hiep, T. X., Co, N. D., & Nguyen, H. V. (2024). The strategic adjustments of China, India, and the US in the Indo-Pacific geopolitical context. Journal of Liberty and International Affairs, 10(1), 173–191.
Niazi, Z. A. (2024). Future of Maritime Security: Navigating Complex Waters in the Indo-Pacific. Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, 7(2).
Panda, J. (2023). Indo-Pacific Security in 2030-35: Links in the Chain. JSTOR.
Pangestu, L. G., Hikmawan, R., & Fathun, L. M. (2021). Strategi Indonesia Mewujudkan ASEAN Outlook on Indo-Pacific (AOIP) Untuk Menciptakan Stabilitas di Kawasan Indo-Pasifik. Proyeksi: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 26(1), 1–22.
Pattihua, S. E. (2025). DAMPAK PENINGKATAN KAPABILITAS MILITER JEPANG TERHADAP STABILITAS KEAMANAN DI KAWASAN INDO PASIFIK. Diplomacy and Global Security Journal: Jurnal Mahasiswa Magister Hubungan Internasional, 2(1), 137–168.
Pedrason, R. (2021). Indo-Pasifik dalam perspektif geopolitik dan geostrategi. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 7(1), 88–95.
Ramsi, O., Perwita, A. A. B., Ali, Y., & Purwantoro, S. A. (2023). Efektivitas Strategi Asean Outlook On Indo-Pacific (AOIP) Dalam Menjembatani Kepentingan Semua Negara di Kawasan dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pertahanan Indonesia. NUSANTARA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 10(8), 3742–3754.
Sari, A. R., & Sembadani, P. C. (2023). Keamanan Nasional Perbatasan Abyei Sudan. Penerbit NEM.
Sarjito, I. A., Eng, A., Ir Edy Saptono, M. M., Sulistiyanto, S. E., Herlina Tarigan, M., Duarte, E. P., Sos, S., Purwantoro, I. S. A., SE, M., & Sri Yanto, S. T. (2025). Manajemen Pertahanan di Tengah Bayang-Bayang Perang Indo-Pasifik. Indonesia Emas Group.
Srivastava, J. (2023). Dynamics of environmental security in the Indo-Pacific. Handbook of Indo-Pacific Studies, 222.
Ulatowski, R. (2023). Energy security in the Indo-Pacific region: Case studies of China, India and Japan. In Handbook of Indo-Pacific Studies (pp. 205–221). Routledge India.
Yousafzai, M. I. K., Usama, M., & Faisal, S. (n.d.). A Comprehensive Analysis on the Strategic Importance of Indo-Pacific Region in Global Politics. DOI: Https://Doi. Org/10.52337/Pjia. V7i3, 1111.
Yustiningrum, R. R. E., Ramadhan, M. S., Anwar, D. F., Wuryandari, G., Alami, A. N., Prabaningtyas, R. A. R. F., & Elisabeth, A. (2024). Indo-Pasifik dalam politik luar negeri Indonesia: Dimensi geopolitik, geostrategi, & geoekonomi. Penerbit Andi.
Zhu, Z. (2025). Security Challenges In Contemporary Indo-pacific. World Scientific
Published
2025-10-21
How to Cite
Rizal, T. A., Madjid, A., & Uksan, A. (2025). Analysis of National Security Strategies in Response to Conflicts and Competition over Oil Resources in the Indo-Pacific Region. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 4(04), 427-448. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v4i04.2408
Contact Person +6282139474255
Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
