The Resistance Of The Female Protagonist Against Patriarchal Power And Marginalization In The Short Story Lebah By Tetin Sobariah
Keywords:
female protagonist resistance, feminism, feminist literature, gender discrimination, patriarchal power
Abstract
The short story Lebah by Tetin Sobariah is a short story that raises the issue of feminism. This study aims to describe the resistance of the female protagonist against patriarchal power and the marginalization she experiences in the short story Lebah by Tetin Sobariah. The data source used in this study is the short story Lebah by Tetin Sobariah, which was published in the Cerpen Digital section of Kompas.id. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. Research data was collected through feminist analysis. The results show that the forms of patriarchal power found in Tetin Sobariah's short story Lebah include patriarchal power in cultural structures, sexuality, and violence packaged in gossip, bullying, the stigma of “Anak Haram or Illegitimate Children,” and the stigma of “Wanita Gatal or Promiscuous Women.” The female protagonist in the short story also experiences marginalization in the form of limited social life and marginalization in the field of education in the form of termination of access to education for a pregnant student and termination of access to education due to bullying. The resistance shown by the female protagonist in the short story is existential resistance, which includes the decision not to have an abortion, the decision to start socializing with the community, and self-defense accompanied by evidence.
References
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Hilmi, H. S., Sasmayunita, N., Thahir, A., & Azzahra, R. (2022). Kuasa Patriarki dalam Kumpulan Cerita Pendek Perempuan Patah Hati yang Kembali Menemukan Cinta Melalui Mimpi Karya Eka Kurniawan (The Power of Patriarchy in The Short Story Collection of Perempuan Patah Hati yang Kembali Menemukan Cinta Melalui Mimpi by Eka Kurniawan). Suar Betang, 17(1), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.26499/surbet.v17i1.312
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Humm, Maggie. (2003). The Dictionary of Feminist Theory. Edinburgh University Press.
Ima, & Qadriani, N. (2020). Kuasa Patriarki dalam Novel Entok Karya Okki Madasari (Kajian Feminisme). Cakrawala Listra: Jurnal Bahasa Sastra Dan Budaya Indonesia, 3(1), 46–72. http://journal.fib.uho.ac.id/index.php/cakrawalalistra
Indra, A. B., Sabaruddin, S., Darussalam, F. I., Ilham, M., & Agustan, A. (2021). Dekonstruksi Kuasa Patriarki Novel Rara Mendut Karya Y.B. Mangunwijaya Perspektif Feminisme Eksitensialis. Gurindam: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra, 1(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.24014/gjbs.v1i1.12872
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Karthiga, K., Jothi, C., Aravind, B. R., & Priyadharshini, P. (2025). Defying the Odds: Women’s Journeys of Survival in the Novels of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. World Journal of English Language, 15(4), 102–110. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v15n4p102
Khelghat-Doost, H., & Sibly, S. (2020). The Impact of Patriarchy on Women’s Political Participation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(3), 396–409. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i3/7058
Lestari, S., & Nugroho, A. (2022). Gender Inequality in Tri Utami’s Novel Entitled Dunia Padmini. Poetika, 10(2), 171. https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v10i2.69549
Lubis, H. S., & Kasih, E. N. E. W. (2025). Women Empowerment of The Main Character Maleficent Mistress of Evil (2019). Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature), 9(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.33019/lire.v9i1.380
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Rahma, H. (2023). The Implications of Patriarchal Culture toward Gender Discrimination Behavior in Anne With An E Movie Series. CaLLs: Journal of Culture, Arts, Literature, and Linguistics, 9(2), 275–294.
Ruggiu, I. (2025). The Roots of Patriarchy: A Legal and Genealogical Approach. In The Roots of Patriarchy: A Legal and Genealogical Approach. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003512691
Sandy, A. A. (2019). Marginalisasi-Subordinasi Perempuan dalam Novel “Gadis Pantai” Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer: Kajian Feminisme. Jurnal Penelitian, Pendidikan, Dan Pembelajaran, 13(1), 9–17.
Selviana, I. (2023). Marginalisasi Perempuan pada Tokoh Utama Novel Mudzakarat Thabibah dan Novel Cinta Suci Zahrana. Al-Fathin, 6, 185–203.
Sugiarti, S. (2021). Budaya Patriarki dalam Cerita Rakyat Jawa Timur. KEMBARA Journal of Scientific Language Literature and Teaching, 7(2), 424–437. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v7i2.17888
Sunny, N., & Sreenivasulu, Y. (2024). Internalized Misogyny: A Transnational Exploration of Select Literary Narratives. World Journal of English Language, 14(6), 601–609. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n6p601
Tawaqal, W., Mursalim, & Hanum, I. S. (2020). Pilihan Hidup Tokoh Utama Zarah Amalia dalam Novel Supernova Episode: Partikel Karya Dee Lestari: Kajian Feminisme Liberal. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 3(4), 435–444. http://diglosiaunmul.com/index.php/diglosia/article/view/165
Tong, R. (2009). Feminist Thought - A More Comprehensive Introduction (3rd ed.). Westview Press.
Walby, S. (2014). Teorisasi Patriarki (S. O. Prasela, Ed.). Jalasutra.
Wardani, L. D. P., Nisrina, N. M. P., Salikin, H., Basuki, I., Cahyawati, E., & Murti, G. H. (2024). Patriarchy Depiction through the Female Main Character’s Relationship in Marie Lu’s The Kingdom of Back. KEMBARA Journal of Scientific Language Literature and Teaching, 10(1), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v10i1.27955
Wayan, K. Y. I., & Nyoman, S. (2020). Political Phenomenon of Women in Culture Patriarchy in Gianyar, Bali. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(3), 2158–2164. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i3.1148
Wiyatmi. (2012). Kritik Sastra Feminis: Teori dan Aplikasinya dalam Sastra Indonesia. Penerbit Ombak. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321069436
Alda, R. E. P. (2021). JATISABA (2015) AND ELEVEN MINUTES (2003) FROM A PSYCHOANALYTIC FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Poetika, 9(2), 96. https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v9i2.64788
Alzoubi, N. A., Almwajeh, M. O., Al-Badarneh, A. F., & Talafha, H. M. (2025). Dissenting Female Voices: A Comparative Reading of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and Fadia Faqir’s My Name Is Salma. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 16(1), 190–196. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1601.20
Astuti, P., Mulawarman, W. G., & Rokhmansyah, A. (2018). Ketidakadilan Gender Terhadap Tokoh Perempuan dalam Novel Genduk Karya Sundari Mardjuki: Kajian Kritik Sastra Feminisme. Jurnal Ilmu Budaya, 2(2), 105–114.
Azhari, W. N., Udasmoro, W., & Subiyantoro, S. (2021). THE CONSTRUCTION OF MONSTROUS WOMEN THÉRÈSE DESQUEYROUX BY FRANÇOIS MAURIAC. Poetika, 9(2), 87. https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v9i2.64177
Baso, B. S. (2021). Marginalisasi terhadap Perempuan dalam Novel Kembang Jepun Karya Remy Sylado. Jurnal Sinestesia, 11(1), 85–92. https://sinestesia.pustaka.my.id/journal/article/view/67
Beauvoir, S. de. (2025). Second Sex: Kehidupan Perempuan (T. Setiawan & N. Juliastuti, Eds.; T. B. Febriantono & N. Juliastuti, Trans.). Narasi.
Bhasin, K. (1996). Menggugat Patriarki: Pengantar tentang Persoalan Dominasi terhadap Kaum Perempuan (N. Katjasungka, Ed.; 1st ed.). Kalyanamitra.
Daghamin, R. (2025). Intersectionality of Patriarchy and Colonialism: A Postcolonial Ecofeminist Reading of Sahar Khalifeh’s The End of Spring. Acta Scientiarum. Language and Culture, 47(2), e72125. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascilangcult.v47i2.72125
Derana, G. T. (2016). Bentuk Marginalisasi Terhadap Perempuan dalam Novel Tarian Bumi Karya Oka Rusmini. Kembara: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 2(2), 166–171. http://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/kembara/index
Dewinta, L., & Naurah, T. (2022). & Thifal Naurah The Harmony Of Familism And Feminism In Biopic On The Basis Of Sex CaLLs. 8.
Dhileep, T. S., & Baisel, A. (2024). Exploring the Patriarchal Oppression and Predicament of Women: A Radical Feministic Analysis of Mitra Phukan’s The Collector’s Wife and Arupa Patangia Kalita’s Felanee. World Journal of English Language, 14(2), 527–534. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p527
Dinanti, P. A., & Tjahjani Joesana. (2021). Seksualitas Perempuan dan Wacana Dominan Patriarki dalam Beautiful You Karya Chuck Palahniuk. LITERA, 20(2), 200–215.
Fajar, D. P. (2016). Teori-Teori Komunikasi Konflik: Upaya Memahami dan Memetakan Konflik. Universitas Brawijaya Press.
Feng, R., & Talif, R. (2021). The Partnership of Patriarchy and Capitalism in Cho Nam-joo’s Kim Jiyoung, Born 1982. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 29(4), 2749–2762. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.29.4.35
Gruber, S., & Szołtysek, M. (2016). The patriarchy index: a comparative study of power relations across historical Europe. The History of the Family, 21(2), 133–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/1081602X.2014.1001769
Hafizah. (2019). Gosip di Kalangan Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga Studi Kasus: (Perumnas Siteba, Kelurahan Surau Gadang, Kecamatan Nanggalo, Kota Padang). Historia: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, 4(1), 11–18.
Hanifah, O. N., & Hafiz Kurniawan, M. (2023). POSTFEMINISM CONCEPT IN LUX INDONESIA “LUX BERANI CANTIK 30” ADVERTISEMENT: A MULTIMODAL CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS. In LiNGUA (Vol. 18, Issue 2).
Hardinanto, E. (2025). Potret Ideologi Perempuan dalam Karya Sastra Feminis: Perspektif Analisis Wacana Kritis. Unisma Press.
Hilmi, H. S., Sasmayunita, N., Thahir, A., & Azzahra, R. (2022). Kuasa Patriarki dalam Kumpulan Cerita Pendek Perempuan Patah Hati yang Kembali Menemukan Cinta Melalui Mimpi Karya Eka Kurniawan (The Power of Patriarchy in The Short Story Collection of Perempuan Patah Hati yang Kembali Menemukan Cinta Melalui Mimpi by Eka Kurniawan). Suar Betang, 17(1), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.26499/surbet.v17i1.312
Hiwarkhedka, S. M., & Sharma, A. (2024). Patriarchal Dominance in English Literature. International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM), 2(04), 1228–1231. https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2024.0165
Humm, Maggie. (2003). The Dictionary of Feminist Theory. Edinburgh University Press.
Ima, & Qadriani, N. (2020). Kuasa Patriarki dalam Novel Entok Karya Okki Madasari (Kajian Feminisme). Cakrawala Listra: Jurnal Bahasa Sastra Dan Budaya Indonesia, 3(1), 46–72. http://journal.fib.uho.ac.id/index.php/cakrawalalistra
Indra, A. B., Sabaruddin, S., Darussalam, F. I., Ilham, M., & Agustan, A. (2021). Dekonstruksi Kuasa Patriarki Novel Rara Mendut Karya Y.B. Mangunwijaya Perspektif Feminisme Eksitensialis. Gurindam: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra, 1(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.24014/gjbs.v1i1.12872
Johnson, A. G. (2014). The Gender Knot: Unraveling Our Patriarchal Legacy (3rd ed.). Temple University Press Philadelphia.
Karthiga, K., Jothi, C., Aravind, B. R., & Priyadharshini, P. (2025). Defying the Odds: Women’s Journeys of Survival in the Novels of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. World Journal of English Language, 15(4), 102–110. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v15n4p102
Khelghat-Doost, H., & Sibly, S. (2020). The Impact of Patriarchy on Women’s Political Participation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(3), 396–409. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i3/7058
Lestari, S., & Nugroho, A. (2022). Gender Inequality in Tri Utami’s Novel Entitled Dunia Padmini. Poetika, 10(2), 171. https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v10i2.69549
Lubis, H. S., & Kasih, E. N. E. W. (2025). Women Empowerment of The Main Character Maleficent Mistress of Evil (2019). Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature), 9(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.33019/lire.v9i1.380
Mangundjaya, W. L. H. (2022). Psikologi Komunikasi di Tempat Kerja. CV. Penerbit Qiara Media.
Muyassaroh, M. (2021). Dimensi gender dalam novel-novel Indonesia Periode 1920-2000-an berdasarkan kajian kritik sastra feminis. KEMBARA Journal of Scientific Language Literature and Teaching, 7(2), 366–387. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v7i2.16558
Odell, S. M. (2023). “You have an affiliative leadership style. That’s going to be a problem for you.”: Feminized orientations to school leadership and navigating the pipeline. Frontiers in Education, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1009248
Quddus, Muh. S. et al. (2024). Menggunjingkan Feminisme: Ragam Sudut Pandang dan Pengalaman. . Catvari Cipta.
Rahma, H. (2023). The Implications of Patriarchal Culture toward Gender Discrimination Behavior in Anne With An E Movie Series. CaLLs: Journal of Culture, Arts, Literature, and Linguistics, 9(2), 275–294.
Ruggiu, I. (2025). The Roots of Patriarchy: A Legal and Genealogical Approach. In The Roots of Patriarchy: A Legal and Genealogical Approach. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003512691
Sandy, A. A. (2019). Marginalisasi-Subordinasi Perempuan dalam Novel “Gadis Pantai” Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer: Kajian Feminisme. Jurnal Penelitian, Pendidikan, Dan Pembelajaran, 13(1), 9–17.
Selviana, I. (2023). Marginalisasi Perempuan pada Tokoh Utama Novel Mudzakarat Thabibah dan Novel Cinta Suci Zahrana. Al-Fathin, 6, 185–203.
Sugiarti, S. (2021). Budaya Patriarki dalam Cerita Rakyat Jawa Timur. KEMBARA Journal of Scientific Language Literature and Teaching, 7(2), 424–437. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v7i2.17888
Sunny, N., & Sreenivasulu, Y. (2024). Internalized Misogyny: A Transnational Exploration of Select Literary Narratives. World Journal of English Language, 14(6), 601–609. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n6p601
Tawaqal, W., Mursalim, & Hanum, I. S. (2020). Pilihan Hidup Tokoh Utama Zarah Amalia dalam Novel Supernova Episode: Partikel Karya Dee Lestari: Kajian Feminisme Liberal. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 3(4), 435–444. http://diglosiaunmul.com/index.php/diglosia/article/view/165
Tong, R. (2009). Feminist Thought - A More Comprehensive Introduction (3rd ed.). Westview Press.
Walby, S. (2014). Teorisasi Patriarki (S. O. Prasela, Ed.). Jalasutra.
Wardani, L. D. P., Nisrina, N. M. P., Salikin, H., Basuki, I., Cahyawati, E., & Murti, G. H. (2024). Patriarchy Depiction through the Female Main Character’s Relationship in Marie Lu’s The Kingdom of Back. KEMBARA Journal of Scientific Language Literature and Teaching, 10(1), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v10i1.27955
Wayan, K. Y. I., & Nyoman, S. (2020). Political Phenomenon of Women in Culture Patriarchy in Gianyar, Bali. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(3), 2158–2164. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i3.1148
Wiyatmi. (2012). Kritik Sastra Feminis: Teori dan Aplikasinya dalam Sastra Indonesia. Penerbit Ombak. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321069436
Published
2025-11-18
How to Cite
Pety Rahmalina, Suminto A. Sayuti, & Wiyatmi. (2025). The Resistance Of The Female Protagonist Against Patriarchal Power And Marginalization In The Short Story Lebah By Tetin Sobariah. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 4(04), 934-948. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v4i04.2526
Contact Person +6282139474255
Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
