Bridging Theory and Risk Reality: Gap Analysis of Disaster Mitigation Competencies in Indonesian Civil Engineering Education Curriculum
Keywords:
Civil Engineering Education, Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), Curriculum Gap Analysis, Engineer Competencies, Forensic Engineering
Abstract
Amidst the increasing intensity of natural disasters in Indonesia, the role of civil engineers has evolved from merely designing physical structures to becoming crucial agents in disaster resilience. However, there is a clear discrepancy between the technical-static nature of civil engineering higher education curricula and the dynamic and multidisciplinary needs of disaster mitigation in the field. This study aims to diagnose this competency gap through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method using the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Data were collected from the Dimensions, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, resulting in 10 selected articles that were analyzed thematically. The results revealed that the main gap lies not in structural calculation abilities (hard engineering), but in deficits in “soft” competencies such as risk communication, policy advocacy, and post-disaster management. This study also identified that conventional (didactic) teaching methods are ineffective and recommended the adoption of new pedagogical strategies such as Forensic Engineering and humanitarian project-based learning. This research offers a curriculum mapping framework as a strategic solution to integrate disaster management competencies without overburdening the existing curriculum, in order to produce civil engineers who are resilient and responsive to risks.
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Tyas, R. A., Wilujeng, I., Rosana, D., Kuswanto, H., & Purwasih, D. (2025). A review of disaster risk reduction education implementation: Integration, trends, and trajectories. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12, 102015. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SSAHO.2025.102015
UNDRR. (2015). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 | UNDRR. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction . https://www.undrr.org/publication/sendai-framework-disaster-risk-reduction-2015-2030
Wibowo, A., & Alfen, H. W. (2015). Government-led critical success factors in PPP infrastructure development. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 5(1), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/BEPAM-03-2014-0016
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Adiyoso, W., & Kanegae, H. (2012). The effect of different disaster education programs on tsunami preparedness among schoolchildren in Aceh, Indonesia. Disaster Mitigation of Cultural Heritage and Historic Cities. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312549383_The_effect_of_different_disaster_education_programs_on_tsunami_preparedness_among_schoolchildren_in_Aceh_Indonesia
Alexander, D. (2005). Towards the development of a standard in emergency planning. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 14(2), 158–175. https://doi.org/10.1108/09653560510595164
Amri, A., Bird, D. K., Ronan, K., Haynes, K., & Towers, B. (2017). Disaster risk reduction education in Indonesia: challenges and recommendations for scaling up. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci, 17, 595–612. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-595-2017
Bosher, L., & Dainty, A. (2011). Disaster risk reduction and “built-in” resilience: towards overarching principles for construction practice. Disasters, 35(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-7717.2010.01189.X
Chmutina, K., & Rose, J. (2018). Building resilience: Knowledge, experience and perceptions among informal construction stakeholders. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 28, 158–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJDRR.2018.02.039
Chu, Y. M., Lin, H. L., & Lan, C. H. (2018). Study on disaster prevention education for senior vocational school-A case of civil and architectural group. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Information, Communication and Engineering: Information and Innovation for Modern Technology, ICICE 2017, 204–207. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICE.2017.8478995
Djalante, R., Garschagen, M., Thomalla, F., & Shaw, R. (2017). Introduction: Disaster Risk Reduction in Indonesia: Progress, Challenges, and Issues. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54466-3_1
Khorram-Manesh, A., Lupesco, O., Friedl, T., Arnim, G., Kaptan, K., Djalali, A. R., Foletti, M., Ingrasia, P. L., Ashkenazi, M., Arculeo, C., Fischer, P., Hreckovski, B., Komadina, R., Voigt, S., Carlström, E., & James, J. (2016). Education in Disaster Management: What Do We Offer and What Do We Need? Proposing a New Global Program. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 10(6), 854–873. https://doi.org/10.1017/DMP.2016.88
Krishnan, S., & Liao, Y. (2019). Integrating Shelter Design and Disaster Education in Architectural Curriculum. ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--32990
Menon, N. V. C., Kolathayar, S., & Sreekeshava, K. S. (2024). Applications of civil engineering in disaster risk reduction. Civil Engineering Innovations for Sustainable Communities with Net Zero Targets, 215–222. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032686899-16/APPLICATIONS-CIVIL-ENGINEERING-DISASTER-RISK-REDUCTION-VINOD-CHANDRA-MENON-SREEVALSA-KOLATHAYAR-SREEKESHAVA
Nipa, T. J., Kermanshachi, S., Patel, R., & Tafazzoli, M. (2020). Disaster Preparedness Education: Construction Curriculum Requirements to Increase Students’ Preparedness in Pre- and Post-Disaster Activities. Associated Schools of Construction (ASC) International Conference, 1, 142–131. https://doi.org/10.29007/C9S4
Nistor, I., & Palermo, D. (2015). Post-tsunami engineering forensics: Tsunami impact on infrastructure-lessons from 2004 Indian Ocean, 2010 Chile, and 2011 Tohoku Japan tsunami field surveys. Handbook of Coastal Disaster Mitigation for Engineers and Planners, 417–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801060-0.00020-4
Ophiyandri, T., Amaratunga, D., Pathirage, C., & Keraminiyage, K. (2013). Critical success factors for community‐based post‐disaster housing reconstruction projects in the pre‐construction stage in Indonesia. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 4(2), 236–249. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-03-2013-0005
Park, M., Son, C., & Wehde, W. (2025). Preparing for the Unexpected: Needs for Emergency, Disaster, and Crisis Management Education Among Engineering Students. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--57066
Pimpley, P., Pannase, R., & Ganar, N. (2016). Role of Civil Engineers Pre, During and Post Disasters. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 558–564. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp558http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=7&IType=6http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=7&IType=6
Shimano, T., Kimura, R., Hayashi, H., Nagatomo, N., & Sakurada, Y. (2016). Proposal for Development Cooperation to Enhance the Capacity on Disaster Emergency Response in Developing Countries : A Case Study of Curriculum Development in the People’s Republic of China. Journal of Disaster Research, 11(2), 341–353. https://doi.org/10.20965/JDR.2016.P0341
Shrestha, A., Sundman, J., Lamsal, S., Láng-Ritter, J., & Taka, M. (2025). Are Disaster-Prone Countries’ Undergraduate Students Prepared? Insights From a Civil Engineering Program in Nepal. Alto University. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.17631338
Thurairajah, N., Palliyaguru, R., & Aled Williams, salfordacuk. (2011). Incorporate disaster management perspective into built environment undergraduate curriculum. Proceedings of the International Conference on Building Resilience.
Tyas, R. A., Wilujeng, I., Rosana, D., Kuswanto, H., & Purwasih, D. (2025). A review of disaster risk reduction education implementation: Integration, trends, and trajectories. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12, 102015. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SSAHO.2025.102015
UNDRR. (2015). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 | UNDRR. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction . https://www.undrr.org/publication/sendai-framework-disaster-risk-reduction-2015-2030
Wibowo, A., & Alfen, H. W. (2015). Government-led critical success factors in PPP infrastructure development. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 5(1), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/BEPAM-03-2014-0016
World Bank. (2015). Building regulation for resilience : managing risks for safer cities (Vol. 1 of 2). World Bank. https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/326581468337788007/building-regulation-for-resilience-managing-risks-for-safer-cities
Published
2025-12-31
How to Cite
Budiana, I. B. P., Kurniadi, A., Prihantoro, M., & Setiawibawa, R. (2025). Bridging Theory and Risk Reality: Gap Analysis of Disaster Mitigation Competencies in Indonesian Civil Engineering Education Curriculum. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(01), 272-286. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i01.2751
Contact Person +6282139474255
Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
