Conceptual Construction of Students' Digital Literacy in Learning in the Era of Society 5.0
Keywords:
Digital Literacy, Grounded Theory, Learning, Society 5.0, Learners
Abstract
This research aims to construct the concept of digital literacy in students in carrying out a learning process that is in accordance with the empirical reality in the field. The research uses a qualitative approach using grounded theory design. The research subjects consist of high school students, who use data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis is carried out through the stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding using a constant comparison approach. What will happen This study shares that students' digital literacy is formed through several primary dimensions, namely the ability to access information, conduct critical evaluation, digital content production, and ethics in the proper use of technology. In addition, supporting factors such as the learning environment, the role of teachers, and the intensity of technology use also affect the construction of students' digital literacy. This research produces a conceptual model of digital literacy that is contextual and adaptive to the learning demands of the Society 5.0 era.
References
Pangrazio, L., & Sefton-Green, J. (2021). Digital rights, digital citizenship and digital literacy. Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research, 10(1), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.2021.1.616
Pangrazio, L., & Selwyn, N. (2021). Towards a school-based critical data education. Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 29(3), 431–448. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681366.2020.1747527
Pangrazio, L., Godhe, A., & Ledesma, A. (2020). What is digital literacy? E-Learning and Digital Media, 17(6), 442–459. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042753020946291
Pangrazio, L., & Selwyn, N. (2019). Personal data literacies. New Media & Society, 21(2), 419–437. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818799523
Park, H., Kim, H. S., & Park, H. W. (2021). A scientometric study of digital literacy. Journal of Data and Information Science, 6(1), 116–138. https://doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2021-0001
Otto, S., et al. (2024). Emerging digital practices in higher education. Education and Information Technologies, 29(2), 1673–1696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11789-3
De la Alejandro, H., et al. (2021). Digital literacy in health education. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126674
Akour, M., & Alenezi, M. (2022). Digital transformation in education. Education Sciences, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12110784
Adarkwah, M. A. (2024). GenAI in digital learning. Adult Learning. https://doi.org/10.1177/10451595241271161
Altınay, Z., et al. (2024). Digital transformation in learning organizations. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00492
Anwar, Z., et al. (2025). Digital literacy and career adaptation. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i2.7210
Arissaputra, R., et al. (2023). Bibliometric analysis of digital literacy. IJHESS, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i3.667
Crooks, R., & Currie, M. (2021). Agonistic data practices. The Information Society, 37(4), 201–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2021.1920081
Smit, A., Swart, J., & Broersma, M. (2024). Digital inclusion practices. New Media & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448231220383
Paakkari, A., et al. (2023). Digital tracking in education. Childhood. https://doi.org/10.1177/09075682231172861
Soraya, T. R., et al. (2025). Digital literacy in higher education. E-Learning Innovations Journal, 3(2), 172–196. https://doi.org/10.57125/ELIJ.2025.09.25.07
Howard, S. K., et al. (2023). Teacher digital competence. Computers & Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104709
Redecker, C. (2022). Digital competence framework. European Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12465
Voogt, J., et al. (2023). Digital pedagogy integration. Educational Technology Research and Development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10245-1
Ng, W. (2022). Digital literacy pedagogy. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10741-8
Jones, L. M., & Mitchell, K. J. (2022). Digital citizenship education. Journal of Youth Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1939287
Ribble, M. (2023). Digital citizenship in education. TechTrends. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-023-00792-3
Kirschner, P. A., & De Bruyckere, P. (2021). Myth of digital natives. Teaching and Teacher Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103278
Selwyn, N. (2020). Digital technology and education. British Journal of Educational Technology. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13074
Belshaw, D. (2020). Digital literacy elements. Journal of Literacy Studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086296X20931555
Eshet-Alkalai, Y. (2021). Digital literacy framework revisited. Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology. https://doi.org/10.28945/4739
Gilster, P. (Updated studies cited 2020). Digital literacy concept. Information Society Studies. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315629515
Selwyn, N., & Pangrazio, L. (2023). Critical data literacies. MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14536.001.0001
Pink, S., et al. (2018, cited recent use). Broken data. Big Data & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951717753228
Sadowski, J. (2020). Data power in society. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/12271.001.0001
O’Neil, C. (2021 updated edition). Big data ethics. https://doi.org/10.5555/3002861
Sheng, S. Y. (2022). Digital literacy indicators. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-022-10156-3
Page, M. J., et al. (2021). PRISMA guidelines. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Wijaya, N. P. N. (2022). Digital literacy in education. Per Linguam, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.5785/37-2-996
De Bruyckere, P., & Kirschner, P. (2021). Technology myths in education. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09534-4
Pangrazio, L., & Selwyn, N. (2021). Towards a school-based critical data education. Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 29(3), 431–448. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681366.2020.1747527
Pangrazio, L., Godhe, A., & Ledesma, A. (2020). What is digital literacy? E-Learning and Digital Media, 17(6), 442–459. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042753020946291
Pangrazio, L., & Selwyn, N. (2019). Personal data literacies. New Media & Society, 21(2), 419–437. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818799523
Park, H., Kim, H. S., & Park, H. W. (2021). A scientometric study of digital literacy. Journal of Data and Information Science, 6(1), 116–138. https://doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2021-0001
Otto, S., et al. (2024). Emerging digital practices in higher education. Education and Information Technologies, 29(2), 1673–1696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11789-3
De la Alejandro, H., et al. (2021). Digital literacy in health education. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126674
Akour, M., & Alenezi, M. (2022). Digital transformation in education. Education Sciences, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12110784
Adarkwah, M. A. (2024). GenAI in digital learning. Adult Learning. https://doi.org/10.1177/10451595241271161
Altınay, Z., et al. (2024). Digital transformation in learning organizations. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.1.00492
Anwar, Z., et al. (2025). Digital literacy and career adaptation. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i2.7210
Arissaputra, R., et al. (2023). Bibliometric analysis of digital literacy. IJHESS, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i3.667
Crooks, R., & Currie, M. (2021). Agonistic data practices. The Information Society, 37(4), 201–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2021.1920081
Smit, A., Swart, J., & Broersma, M. (2024). Digital inclusion practices. New Media & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448231220383
Paakkari, A., et al. (2023). Digital tracking in education. Childhood. https://doi.org/10.1177/09075682231172861
Soraya, T. R., et al. (2025). Digital literacy in higher education. E-Learning Innovations Journal, 3(2), 172–196. https://doi.org/10.57125/ELIJ.2025.09.25.07
Howard, S. K., et al. (2023). Teacher digital competence. Computers & Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104709
Redecker, C. (2022). Digital competence framework. European Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12465
Voogt, J., et al. (2023). Digital pedagogy integration. Educational Technology Research and Development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10245-1
Ng, W. (2022). Digital literacy pedagogy. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10741-8
Jones, L. M., & Mitchell, K. J. (2022). Digital citizenship education. Journal of Youth Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1939287
Ribble, M. (2023). Digital citizenship in education. TechTrends. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-023-00792-3
Kirschner, P. A., & De Bruyckere, P. (2021). Myth of digital natives. Teaching and Teacher Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103278
Selwyn, N. (2020). Digital technology and education. British Journal of Educational Technology. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13074
Belshaw, D. (2020). Digital literacy elements. Journal of Literacy Studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086296X20931555
Eshet-Alkalai, Y. (2021). Digital literacy framework revisited. Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology. https://doi.org/10.28945/4739
Gilster, P. (Updated studies cited 2020). Digital literacy concept. Information Society Studies. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315629515
Selwyn, N., & Pangrazio, L. (2023). Critical data literacies. MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14536.001.0001
Pink, S., et al. (2018, cited recent use). Broken data. Big Data & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951717753228
Sadowski, J. (2020). Data power in society. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/12271.001.0001
O’Neil, C. (2021 updated edition). Big data ethics. https://doi.org/10.5555/3002861
Sheng, S. Y. (2022). Digital literacy indicators. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-022-10156-3
Page, M. J., et al. (2021). PRISMA guidelines. BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Wijaya, N. P. N. (2022). Digital literacy in education. Per Linguam, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.5785/37-2-996
De Bruyckere, P., & Kirschner, P. (2021). Technology myths in education. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09534-4
Published
2026-04-24
How to Cite
Kabata, B. N., Naiheli, S., Blegur, M., & Labkoli, M. D. M. (2026). Conceptual Construction of Students’ Digital Literacy in Learning in the Era of Society 5.0. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(02), 456-465. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i02.3261
Contact Person +6282139474255
Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
