Teacher Competence, Infrastructure, and Learning Effectiveness: Implications for Student Learning Outcomes in Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools
Keywords:
teacher competence, infrastructure, learning effectiveness, student learning outcomes, integrated Islamic elementary school
Abstract
This study examined the effects of teacher competence and infrastructure on learning effectiveness and student learning outcomes at SDIT Al-Mizan Jatiwangi. The study employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory survey design. The participants consisted of 70 respondents selected through simple random sampling from a population of 225 teachers, parents, and school committee members. Data collection used questionnaires, observations, and documentation. The instruments were tested through validity and reliability analyses, while hypothesis testing employed multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and coefficient of determination analysis using SPSS 26.0. The findings showed that teacher competence exerted a positive and significant effect on learning effectiveness with a contribution of 36.24%. Infrastructure also demonstrated a positive and significant effect on learning effectiveness with a contribution of 49.84%. Simultaneously, teacher competence and infrastructure explained 55.00% of the variance in learning effectiveness. Learning effectiveness further exerted a positive and significant effect on student learning outcomes with a contribution of 64.48%. The findings indicate that learning effectiveness in integrated Islamic elementary schools is influenced by the interaction between teacher competence, educational facilities, and instructional quality. The study highlights the importance of strengthening teacher professional development and improving educational infrastructure simultaneously to support effective learning and student achievement.
References
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Chan, L. L., & Idris, N. (2017). Validity and reliability of the instrument using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(10), 400–410. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i10/3387
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Dumaguing, M. L., & Yango, A. R. (2023). Teachers' pedagogical competence, classroom management skills, and students' academic achievement among selected public city schools division in the Province of Laguna. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 44, 573–585. https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v44i1.8923
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Jannah, S. N., & Sontani, U. T. (2018). Sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran sebagai faktor determinan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Perkantoran, 3(1), 210–218. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpm.v3i1.9457
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Joy, E. H., & Garcia, F. E. (2000). Measuring learning effectiveness: A new look at no-significant-difference findings. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 4(1), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v4i1.1909
Kintu, M. J., Zhu, C., & Kagambe, E. (2017). Blended learning effectiveness: The relationship between student characteristics, design features and outcomes. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 14(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-017-0043-4
Luqman, M. D., Gani, M. U., Mallongi, S., Nujum, S., & Murfat, M. Z. (2019). Effect of development of professional teacher competence, facilities and infrastructure of education on the performance of teachers and achievement students SMA in Makassar. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 21(9), 56–68. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2109025668
Maratkyzy, S. (2025). The impact of school infrastructure on student learning: A qualitative systematic review of literature. Eurasian Science Review: An International Peer-Reviewed Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(7), 202–209. https://doi.org/10.63034/esr-579
Mukti, T. S., & Noviafitri, K. S. (2024). The instructional and learning quality: The effect of four teacher competencies. INSANIA: Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan, 29(2). https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2598-3091
Mulyasa, E. (2010). Kurikulum tingkat satuan pendidikan (KTSP). PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Noor, S., Tajik, O., & Golzar, J. (2022). Simple random sampling. International Journal of Education & Language Studies, 1(2), 78–82. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijels.2022.162982
Nurkholis, N., Wilarso, Sukamto, P., Sobarnas, M. A., Jamaludin, S., & Tsani, A. U. (2024, November). Digital survey for customer satisfaction of regional drinking water companies (PDAM) using the mWater application and the Slovin formula method. In BIO Web of Conferences (Vol. 144, p. 03006). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414403006
Orogun, A. O., Ariyo, O. E., Ajayi, O. O., & Onyekwelu, B. (2021). A multiple linear regression model for analyzing and predicting educational development in Nigeria. African Journal of Educational Management, Teaching and Entrepreneurship Studies, 2(1), 54–66. https://doi.org/10.37933/nipes/3.1.2021.11
Owan, V. J., Ekpenyong, J. A., Chuktu, O., Asuquo, M. E., Ogar, J. O., Owan, M. V., & Okon, S. (2022). Innate ability, health, motivation, and social capital as predictors of students’ cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes in secondary schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 1024017. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1024017
Rahmawati, M. N., Ahmadi, A., & Daryono, R. W. (2024). Exploring the influence of implementing an independent curriculum and learning quality on learning effectiveness: Does the mediation of school infrastructure matter? Jurnal Tarbiyah, 31(1), 174–185. https://jurnaltarbiyah.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/tarbiyah/article/view/3466
Rajaram, K. (2020). Educational context: Students’ perceived learning effectiveness and learning experiences. In Educating mainland Chinese learners in business education: Pedagogical and cultural perspectives–Singapore experiences (pp. 53–81). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3395-2_3
Ricardo, & Meilani, R. I. (2017). Impak minat dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Perkantoran, 2(2), 188–209. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpm.v2i2.8108
Rosdiana, D. (2013). Pengaruh kompetensi guru dan komitmen mengajar terhadap efektivitas proses pembelajaran serta implikasinya pada hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran ekonomi. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 13(2), 106–113. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpp.v13i2.3433
Sadan, V. (2017). Data collection methods in quantitative research. Indian Journal of Continuing Nursing Education, 18(2), 58–63. http://www.ijcne.org
Samsuddin, S., Abdurrahman, A., Jabar, A., Nurwahida, N., & Masuwd, M. (2026). Integrating digital pedagogy and TQM in Islamic religious education: A mixed-methods study in Indonesian madrasahs to enhance teacher competence and learning quality. IJCRE-International Journal of Culture, Religion, and Education, 2(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.52640/xnd0t525
Sata, S. K. (2024). Higher education's contribution to national development in Zambia: An assessment of human capital formation, economic impact, and innovation capacity (2015–2024). World Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(2), 1–8. https://wasrpublication.com/index.php/wjms/article/view/279
Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Oberle, E., Lawlor, M. S., Abbott, D., Thomson, K., Oberlander, T. F., & Diamond, A. (2015). Enhancing cognitive and social-emotional development through a simple-to-administer mindfulness-based school program for elementary school children: A randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 52–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038454
Sofya, A., Novita, N. C., Afgani, M. W., & Isnaini, M. (2024). Metode survey: Explanatory survey dan cross sectional dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Edu Society: Jurnal Pendidikan, Ilmu Sosial dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 4(3), 1696–1708. https://doi.org/10.56832/edu.v4i3.556
Sova, M., Siregar, M. T., Ahmaddien, I., Aprinastuti, C., & Kristia, K. (2022). Learning management and ICT on the learning effectiveness: A literature review from diverse lenses. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(2), 1765–1776. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i2.1795
Statistics, L. (2013). Descriptive and inferential statistics. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260825970_Descriptive_and_Inferential_Statistics
Sujianti, N. P. I. P., Sanjiyasa, I. B. M., Mesa, J., Saingo, M., & Bili, P. (2025). Evaluating learning outcomes strategies for enhancing teaching effectiveness in the classroom. International Journal of Education and Social Science Studies, 1(2), 69–76. https://doi.org/10.60153/ijesss.v1i2.194
Wulandari, Y., & Uwameiye, B. (2023). The influence of teacher pedagogical competence and learning facilities on student learning outcomes in economics education. https://doi.org/10.37251/jske.v4i4.765
Yusran, Y. (2022). Teacher performance and learning achievement on educational facilities of high school students. Jurnal Paedagogy, 9(3), 591–601. https://doi.org/10.33394/jp.v9i3.5307
Zuhaeriah, Z., Ali, M., & Yusra, Y. (2020). The role of Islamic education teachers competency in improving the quality of education. International Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education, 2(1), 108–130. https://doi.org/10.24239/ijcied.Vol2.Iss1.15
Ahmad, W. F. B. W. (2025). The impact of school infrastructure on student academic performance in Sarawak, Malaysia: A review. https://dx.doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2025.1210000230
Andini, D. M., & Supardi, E. (2018). Kompetensi pedagogik guru terhadap efektivitas pembelajaran dengan variabel kontrol latar belakang pendidikan guru. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Perkantoran, 3(1), 148–157. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpm.v3i1.9450
Arif, M., Abd Aziz, M. K. N., & Ma'Arif, M. A. (2025). A recent study on Islamic religious education teachers' competencies in the digital age: A systematic literature review. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 19(2), 587–596. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v19i2.21311
Chan, L. L., & Idris, N. (2017). Validity and reliability of the instrument using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(10), 400–410. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i10/3387
Damayanti, R. (2025). Integration of Islamic religious education values with independent curriculum: Opportunities and challenges in elementary schools. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan, 4(1), 3917–3925. https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.2225
Dumaguing, M. L., & Yango, A. R. (2023). Teachers' pedagogical competence, classroom management skills, and students' academic achievement among selected public city schools division in the Province of Laguna. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 44, 573–585. https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v44i1.8923
El Aissaoui, O., El Alami El Madani, Y., Oughdir, L., Dakkak, A., & El Allioui, Y. (2019, July). A multiple linear regression-based approach to predict student performance. In International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development (pp. 9–23). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36653-7_2
Fikriya, S., Rofi'ah, S., & Khoirunnisa, U. (2024). Increasing teacher competence in developing learning plans and teaching and learning effectiveness in primary schools through teacher working group (KKG). In Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series (Vol. 7, No. 3). https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v7i3.92341
Fitriyah, F., & Fauzi, I. (2025). The role of teacher competence in improving the quality of learning in public elementary schools. Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia, 4(8), 475–482.
Gurion, S. B., & Limbong, M. (2025). The influence of teacher competency and educational infrastructure on the quality of junior high school education. International Journal of Educational Management & Innovation, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v6i1.11249
Hanafi, M. S., & Setiyani, H. (2021). The role of teachers’ competence to achieve effective learning management in primary schools. Ilkogretim Online, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2021.01.222
Handini, O. (2024). Contribution of teachers' pedagogical competencies and professional competencies to classroom management. Research Horizon, 4(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.54518/rh.4.2.2024.233
Hazami, H., & Herminingsih, A. (2017). Pengaruh kompetensi guru terhadap efektivitas pembelajaran. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis, 3(3), 364–384. https://doi.org/10.22441/jimb.v3i3.3859
Hidayati, R., Kusmanto, A. S., & Kiswantoro, A. (2023). Development and construct validation of Indonesian students self-confidence scale using Pearson product moment. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(3), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.03.11
Husain, R., Harefa, A. O., Cakranegara, P. A., Nugraha, M. S., & Hernaeny, U. F. (2022). The effect of teacher professional competence and learning facilities on student achievement. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(2), 2489–2498. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i2.1181
Jannah, S. N., & Sontani, U. T. (2018). Sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran sebagai faktor determinan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Perkantoran, 3(1), 210–218. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpm.v3i1.9457
Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. K. (2015). Likert scale: Explored and explained. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396–403. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2015/14975
Joy, E. H., & Garcia, F. E. (2000). Measuring learning effectiveness: A new look at no-significant-difference findings. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 4(1), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v4i1.1909
Kintu, M. J., Zhu, C., & Kagambe, E. (2017). Blended learning effectiveness: The relationship between student characteristics, design features and outcomes. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 14(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-017-0043-4
Luqman, M. D., Gani, M. U., Mallongi, S., Nujum, S., & Murfat, M. Z. (2019). Effect of development of professional teacher competence, facilities and infrastructure of education on the performance of teachers and achievement students SMA in Makassar. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 21(9), 56–68. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2109025668
Maratkyzy, S. (2025). The impact of school infrastructure on student learning: A qualitative systematic review of literature. Eurasian Science Review: An International Peer-Reviewed Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(7), 202–209. https://doi.org/10.63034/esr-579
Mukti, T. S., & Noviafitri, K. S. (2024). The instructional and learning quality: The effect of four teacher competencies. INSANIA: Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan, 29(2). https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2598-3091
Mulyasa, E. (2010). Kurikulum tingkat satuan pendidikan (KTSP). PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Noor, S., Tajik, O., & Golzar, J. (2022). Simple random sampling. International Journal of Education & Language Studies, 1(2), 78–82. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijels.2022.162982
Nurkholis, N., Wilarso, Sukamto, P., Sobarnas, M. A., Jamaludin, S., & Tsani, A. U. (2024, November). Digital survey for customer satisfaction of regional drinking water companies (PDAM) using the mWater application and the Slovin formula method. In BIO Web of Conferences (Vol. 144, p. 03006). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414403006
Orogun, A. O., Ariyo, O. E., Ajayi, O. O., & Onyekwelu, B. (2021). A multiple linear regression model for analyzing and predicting educational development in Nigeria. African Journal of Educational Management, Teaching and Entrepreneurship Studies, 2(1), 54–66. https://doi.org/10.37933/nipes/3.1.2021.11
Owan, V. J., Ekpenyong, J. A., Chuktu, O., Asuquo, M. E., Ogar, J. O., Owan, M. V., & Okon, S. (2022). Innate ability, health, motivation, and social capital as predictors of students’ cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes in secondary schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 1024017. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1024017
Rahmawati, M. N., Ahmadi, A., & Daryono, R. W. (2024). Exploring the influence of implementing an independent curriculum and learning quality on learning effectiveness: Does the mediation of school infrastructure matter? Jurnal Tarbiyah, 31(1), 174–185. https://jurnaltarbiyah.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/tarbiyah/article/view/3466
Rajaram, K. (2020). Educational context: Students’ perceived learning effectiveness and learning experiences. In Educating mainland Chinese learners in business education: Pedagogical and cultural perspectives–Singapore experiences (pp. 53–81). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3395-2_3
Ricardo, & Meilani, R. I. (2017). Impak minat dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Perkantoran, 2(2), 188–209. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpm.v2i2.8108
Rosdiana, D. (2013). Pengaruh kompetensi guru dan komitmen mengajar terhadap efektivitas proses pembelajaran serta implikasinya pada hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran ekonomi. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 13(2), 106–113. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpp.v13i2.3433
Sadan, V. (2017). Data collection methods in quantitative research. Indian Journal of Continuing Nursing Education, 18(2), 58–63. http://www.ijcne.org
Samsuddin, S., Abdurrahman, A., Jabar, A., Nurwahida, N., & Masuwd, M. (2026). Integrating digital pedagogy and TQM in Islamic religious education: A mixed-methods study in Indonesian madrasahs to enhance teacher competence and learning quality. IJCRE-International Journal of Culture, Religion, and Education, 2(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.52640/xnd0t525
Sata, S. K. (2024). Higher education's contribution to national development in Zambia: An assessment of human capital formation, economic impact, and innovation capacity (2015–2024). World Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(2), 1–8. https://wasrpublication.com/index.php/wjms/article/view/279
Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Oberle, E., Lawlor, M. S., Abbott, D., Thomson, K., Oberlander, T. F., & Diamond, A. (2015). Enhancing cognitive and social-emotional development through a simple-to-administer mindfulness-based school program for elementary school children: A randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 52–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038454
Sofya, A., Novita, N. C., Afgani, M. W., & Isnaini, M. (2024). Metode survey: Explanatory survey dan cross sectional dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Edu Society: Jurnal Pendidikan, Ilmu Sosial dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 4(3), 1696–1708. https://doi.org/10.56832/edu.v4i3.556
Sova, M., Siregar, M. T., Ahmaddien, I., Aprinastuti, C., & Kristia, K. (2022). Learning management and ICT on the learning effectiveness: A literature review from diverse lenses. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(2), 1765–1776. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i2.1795
Statistics, L. (2013). Descriptive and inferential statistics. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260825970_Descriptive_and_Inferential_Statistics
Sujianti, N. P. I. P., Sanjiyasa, I. B. M., Mesa, J., Saingo, M., & Bili, P. (2025). Evaluating learning outcomes strategies for enhancing teaching effectiveness in the classroom. International Journal of Education and Social Science Studies, 1(2), 69–76. https://doi.org/10.60153/ijesss.v1i2.194
Wulandari, Y., & Uwameiye, B. (2023). The influence of teacher pedagogical competence and learning facilities on student learning outcomes in economics education. https://doi.org/10.37251/jske.v4i4.765
Yusran, Y. (2022). Teacher performance and learning achievement on educational facilities of high school students. Jurnal Paedagogy, 9(3), 591–601. https://doi.org/10.33394/jp.v9i3.5307
Zuhaeriah, Z., Ali, M., & Yusra, Y. (2020). The role of Islamic education teachers competency in improving the quality of education. International Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education, 2(1), 108–130. https://doi.org/10.24239/ijcied.Vol2.Iss1.15
Published
2026-05-07
How to Cite
Anye Widuri, Aman Wachyudin, Maftukhin, & Mustaqim. (2026). Teacher Competence, Infrastructure, and Learning Effectiveness: Implications for Student Learning Outcomes in Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(02), 1307-1326. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i02.3486
Contact Person +6282139474255
Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
