Development Of Deep Learning-Based Student Worksheets To Improve Critical Thinking Skills Of Senior High School Students
Abstract
The low level of critical thinking skills among students in Geography learning, particularly on the topic of Regional Development, represents a fundamental challenge that requires immediate attention through the development of innovative and well-structured teaching materials. This study aimed to develop a deep learning-based Student Worksheet integrated with the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model to improve the critical thinking skills of Grade XII senior high school students. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Research participants consisted of 20 Grade XII students from SMA Negeri 1 Suwawa Timur during the limited trial phase, and 81 Grade XII students distributed across four schools SMA Negeri 1 Tapa, SMA Negeri 1 Kabila, SMA Negeri 1 Bulango Ulu, and SMA Negeri 1 Bonepantai during the general trial phase. Data were collected through expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and essay-based critical thinking tests. Data analysis employed a descriptive quantitative approach, utilizing percentage calculations for validity and practicality assessments, and normalized gain (N-Gain) scores for effectiveness evaluation. The results indicated that the Student Worksheets satisfied the criteria for very high validity, as assessed by the content expert (97.7%) and the media expert (96.9%). Practicality was rated as very high, with teacher responses ranging from 92.5% to 98.8% and student responses ranging from 86.0% to 88.7%. Effectiveness was demonstrated through significant improvements in critical thinking skills, with N-Gain values ranging from 0.64 to 0.72, corresponding to moderate to high categories. Accordingly, the deep learning-based Student Worksheets developed in this study is declared valid, practical, and effective, and is therefore suitable for use as a teaching material in senior high school Geography instruction.
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