Thermochemical Pathways for Green Hydrogen Production from Biomass: Current Trends and Challenges

Ariawan Hartomo; Sri Yanto; Sr Murtiana

doi:10.63922/ijevss.v5i02.3879

Ariawan Hartomo Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
Sri Yanto Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
Sr Murtiana Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i02.3879

Keywords: Green hydrogen production, Biomass thermochemical conversion, pyrolysis, gasification, hydrothermal liquefaction

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable energy has intensified research into green hydrogen production, particularly from biomass via thermochemical pathways. Traditional fossil-fuel-based hydrogen generation is associated with high carbon emissions, necessitating environmentally friendly alternatives. This study explores the thermochemical conversion of biomass into hydrogen, focusing on pyrolysis, gasification, and liquefaction. Each method is analyzed based on its efficiency, product yield, and economic feasibility. The review identifies key challenges, including feedstock variability, process optimization, and catalyst development, while also highlighting emerging solutions. Findings suggest that gasification holds the highest potential for large-scale applications due to its superior hydrogen yield and integration potential with carbon capture technologies. The study concludes that advancing thermochemical hydrogen production requires continued improvements in process efficiency, cost reduction, and policy support to enhance industrial scalability.

Keywords: Green hydrogen production; biomass thermochemical conversion; pyrolysis; gasification; hydrothermal liquefaction

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