Analysis of Implementation the National Action Plan for the Prevention and Countering of Violent Extremism Leading to Terrorism

Sahnan Sulaiman Harahap; Fauzia G. Cempaka T.; Bambang Utomo

doi:10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.5309

Sahnan Sulaiman Harahap Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia
Fauzia G. Cempaka T. Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia
Bambang Utomo Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.5309

Keywords: Terrorism; Extremism; National Action Plan for Prevention and Countermeasures of Violent Extremism Leading to Terrorism; PESTEL.

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of violent extremism leading to terrorism reflects a pattern that has become increasingly shaped by global dynamics, particularly the rapid advancement of digital technology and evolving socio-political conditions. In response to this threat, the Government of Indonesia issued Presidential Decree Number 7 of 2021 concerning the National Action Plan for the Prevention and Countering of Violent Extremism Leading to Terrorism (RAN PE) 2020–2024. This article aims to analyze the implementation of the RAN PE using the PESTEL framework to identify the external factors influencing its effectiveness. This study employs a qualitative approach through a literature review of relevant regulations, official government reports, and scholarly literature. The findings indicate that the implementation of the RAN PE faces various external challenges, including limited political commitment to budget allocation, the economic and social vulnerability of communities, the misuse of digital technologies by extremist groups, environmental crises such as pandemics, and inadequate legal and institutional compliance and coordination among implementing entities. These findings emphasize that the effectiveness of the RAN PE depends largely on the government's ability to align its policies with evolving political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal conditions. Therefore, future revisions of the National Action Plan for the Prevention and Countering of Violent Extremism Leading to Terrorism (RAN PE) should focus on strengthening cross-sectoral collaboration, optimizing the use of digital technologies, and enhancing the legal and institutional framework to support sustainable efforts to prevent violent extremism and terrorism.

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