The Influence of Self-Efficacy, Work-Life Balance, and Perceived Organizational Support Towards Teachers’ Turnover Intention at XYZ School in West Jakarta
Keywords:
Perceived Organizational Support; Self-efficacy; Turnover Intention; Work-Life Balance
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of Self-Efficacy, Work-Life Balance, and Perceived Organizational Support on teachers' Turnover Intention at XYZ School, West Jakarta. Despite growing evidence on determinants of turnover intention, studies integrating these three variables within a single model in the context of Indonesian primary school teachers remain limited. Using a quantitative approach, this study employed a census method involving all 31 teachers at XYZ School. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. The results indicate that Self-Efficacy (β = −0.181), Work-Life Balance (β = −0.423), and Perceived Organizational Support (β = −0.330) negatively influence teachers' Turnover Intention. In addition, Self-Efficacy (β = 0.493) and Perceived Organizational Support (β = 0.282) positively influence Work-Life Balance. These findings suggest that reducing teachers' turnover intention requires organizational efforts to promote work-life balance, foster self-efficacy, and enhance perceived organizational support. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence that integrates psychological and organizational factors within the Theory of Planned Behavior to explain teachers' turnover intention in the Indonesian primary education context.
References
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Hatfield, J. L., & Kuvaas, B. (2026). Perceiving goals as invariable: The mediating role of job autonomy and self-efficacy on Norwegian teachers' and principals' intrinsic motivation, burnout, and turnover intention. Learning and Instruction, 102, 102306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2025.102306.
Holme, J., Jabbar, H., Trautmann, K., & Solis Rodriguez, J. (2024). How teacher turnover disrupts school improvement efforts. The University of Texas. https://sites.edb.utexas.edu/.
Husniati, R., Supriadi, Y. N., & Ali, S. (2024). The work life balance and job embeddedness on turnover intention: The role of organizational commitment as intervening. Quality – Access to Success, 25(198), 160–167. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.17.
Jing, J., & Yan, J. (2022). Study on the effect of employees' perceived organizational support, psychological ownership, and turnover intention: A case of China's employee. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), 6016. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106016.
Kamara, G. M., Yesiltas, M., Jalloh, A. A., & Nwosu, L. C. (2023). Mediating role of job satisfaction in the impact of work-life balance on turnover intentions of hospital nurses: A case study of a government hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Science, Engineering and Health Studies, 17, 23050013. https://doi.org/10.69598/sehs.17.23050013.
Liu, Y., Yu, Y., Zeng, X., & Li, Y. (2023). Linking preschool teachers' pay equity and turnover intention in Chinese public kindergartens: The mediating role of perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. Sustainability, 15(17), 13258. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713258.
Menzies, L. (2023). Continuity and churn: Understanding and responding to the impact of teacher turnover. London Review of Education, 21(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.14324/LRE.21.1.20.
Mobley, W. H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62(2), 237–240. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.62.2.237.
Mondo, M., Pileri, J., Carta, F., & De Simone, S. (2022). Social support and self-efficacy on turnover intentions: The mediating role of conflict and commitment. Social Sciences, 11(10), 437. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11100437.
Nazir, T., Umer, M., Najam, M., Nawab, S., Maqsoom, A., Shafi, K., Munir, Y., & Nawaz, I. (2022). Impact of role stress on turnover intentions of Pakistan's healthcare workers: Mediating and moderating roles of organizational cynicism and self-efficacy. PLOS ONE, 17(12), e0279075. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279075.
Nguyen, T. D., Bettini, E., Redding, C., & Gilmour, A. F. (2023). Comparing turnover intentions and actual turnover in the public sector workforce: Evidence from public school teachers (Working Paper No. 2023-6). Wheelock Educational Policy Center. https://doi.org/10.26300/3aq0-pv52.
Pratama, I. P. N. W., & Surya, I. B. K. (2025). The effect of self-efficacy on turnover intention through work-life balance as a mediation. Harmony Management: International Journal of Management Science and Business, 2(3), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.70062/harmonymanagement.v2i3.367.
Rhizenda, R. P., Suwasono, E., & Sutapa, H. (2023). Pengaruh self-efficacy dan work-life balance terhadap kinerja karyawan pada KSP Delta Surya Purnama Pare. Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Manajemen dan Bisnis, 2(4), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.55606/jekombis.v2i4.2557.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2018). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sabri, & Sumardin. (2025). Job satisfaction: Perceived organizational support and organizational culture with work-life balance. Journal of Business and Management Review, 6(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.47153/jbmr.v6i1.
Sallis, E. (2015). Total quality management in education (3rd ed.). Routledge.
Shao, L., Guo, H., Yue, X., & Zhang, Z. (2022). Psychological contract, self-efficacy, job stress, and turnover intention: A view of the job demand-control-support model. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 868692. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.868692.
Shobirin, A., Verawati, D. M., & Giovanni, A. (2023). Pengaruh self-efficacy dan workload terhadap turnover intention melalui work-life balance sebagai mediasi (Studi empiris pada PT Putra Albasia Mandiri). Modus, 35(2), 171–196. https://doi.org/10.24002/modus.v35i2.7330.
Siddiqi, K. O., Rahman, M. H., Esquivias, M. A., & Hutapea, L. M. N. (2024). The effect of perceived organizational and supervisor support on nurses' turnover intention in Bangladesh: Does work-family conflict play a role? Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, 100992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100992
Sorensen, L. C., & Ladd, H. F. (2020). The hidden costs of teacher turnover. AERA Open, 6(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858420905812.
Suyono, J., Eliyana, A., & Ratmawati, D. (2020). The nightmare of turnover intention for companies in Indonesia. Opción, 36(91), 871–888.
Syuzairi, M., Pratiwi, M. A., & Apriansyah, F. (2023). Work-life balance and its impact on turnover intention among educators: Job satisfaction as a mediation. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economics, Management, Business and Accounting (ICEMBA 2022). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-12-2022.2333271.
Ullah, S., Raza, B., Ali, W., Amjad, S. A., & Jadoon, A. K. (2021). Linking self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior: A moderated mediation model. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 10(3), 233–247. https://doi.org/10.33844/IJOL.2021.60528.
Waworuntu, E. C., Kainde, S. J. R., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). Work-life balance, job satisfaction and performance among millennial and Gen Z employees: A systematic review. Society, 10(2), 286–300. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v10i2.464.
Zahirah, N. G., & Satrya, A. (2024). The influence of career growth and perceived organizational support on turnover intention: The role of organizational commitment among Indonesian millennial employees. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 12(3), 3129–3146. https://doi.org/10.37676/ekombis.v12i3.
Alves, I., Limao, M., & Lourenco, S. M. (2024). Work overload, work–life balance and auditors' turnover intention: The moderating role of motivation. Australian Accounting Review, 34(4), 4–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12417.
Andra, R. S., Utami, H. N., & Afrianty, T. W. (2022). Pengaruh perceived organizational support dan organizational culture terhadap work-life balance karyawan. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 16(2), 174–182. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.profit.2022.-16.02.2.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman and Company.
Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916176992.
Barros, A. L. C., & Deco, P. (2025). Measuring the costs of faculty turnover, teacher absenteeism and their implications for the performance of higher education institutions: A case study at the Faculty of Economics, UON. London Journal of Research in Management and Business, 25(7). https://www.journalspress.uk/index.php/LJRMB/article/view/1700.
Cahyo, P. N., & Prabowo, R. (2022). Pengaruh quality of work life, perceived organizational support dan self-efficacy terhadap employee engagement. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 4(2), 198–208. https://doi.org/10.47080/jmb.v4i02.1937.
Capone, V., Joshanloo, M., & Park, M. S. A. (2023). Job satisfaction mediates the relationship between psychosocial and organization factors and mental well-being in school teachers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 593–607. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010593.
Colquitt, J. A., LePine, J. A., & Wesson, M. J. (2021). Organizational behavior: Improving performance and commitment in the workplace (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Do, D. A., Doan, Q. D., Vu, L. K., Le, T. T., Tran, N. M., & Nguyen, G. L. (2023). Antecedents of turnover intention among Gen Z in Vietnam: The mediating role of affective commitment. Cogent Business & Management, 10(3), 2267811. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2267811.
Eisenberger, R., Rhoades Shanock, L., & Wen, X. (2020). Perceived organizational support: Why caring about employees counts. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 7, 101–124. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012119-044917.
Farahmandpour, Z., & Voelkel, R. (2025). Teacher turnover factors and school-level influences: A meta-analysis of the literature. Education Sciences, 15(2), 219–226. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15020219.
Faqih, M., Syadza, T. A. A., & Kartono. (2025). Pengaruh work-life balance dan job satisfaction terhadap turnover intention. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 14(2), 321–336. https://doi.org/10.35906/equili.v14i2.2399.
Gibbons, S., Scrutinio, V., & Telhaj, S. (2021). Teacher turnover: Effects, mechanisms and organisational responses. Labour Economics, 73, 102079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2021.102079.
Gragnano, A., Simbula, S., & Miglioretti, M. (2020). Work-life balance: Weighing the importance of work-family and work-health balance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 907. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030907.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7.
Hardani, Auliya, N. H., Andriani, H., Fardani, R. A., Ustiawaty, J., Utami, E. F., Sukmana, D. J., & Istiqomah, R. R. (2020). Metode penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. CV. Pustaka Ilmu Group.
Harris, C., Haar, J., & Myers, B. (2025). Perceived organisational support, work-life balance, and employee engagement and job satisfaction: A moderated mediation study of grandparent status. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 63(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.70036.
Hatfield, J. L., & Kuvaas, B. (2026). Perceiving goals as invariable: The mediating role of job autonomy and self-efficacy on Norwegian teachers' and principals' intrinsic motivation, burnout, and turnover intention. Learning and Instruction, 102, 102306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2025.102306.
Holme, J., Jabbar, H., Trautmann, K., & Solis Rodriguez, J. (2024). How teacher turnover disrupts school improvement efforts. The University of Texas. https://sites.edb.utexas.edu/.
Husniati, R., Supriadi, Y. N., & Ali, S. (2024). The work life balance and job embeddedness on turnover intention: The role of organizational commitment as intervening. Quality – Access to Success, 25(198), 160–167. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.17.
Jing, J., & Yan, J. (2022). Study on the effect of employees' perceived organizational support, psychological ownership, and turnover intention: A case of China's employee. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), 6016. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106016.
Kamara, G. M., Yesiltas, M., Jalloh, A. A., & Nwosu, L. C. (2023). Mediating role of job satisfaction in the impact of work-life balance on turnover intentions of hospital nurses: A case study of a government hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Science, Engineering and Health Studies, 17, 23050013. https://doi.org/10.69598/sehs.17.23050013.
Liu, Y., Yu, Y., Zeng, X., & Li, Y. (2023). Linking preschool teachers' pay equity and turnover intention in Chinese public kindergartens: The mediating role of perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. Sustainability, 15(17), 13258. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713258.
Menzies, L. (2023). Continuity and churn: Understanding and responding to the impact of teacher turnover. London Review of Education, 21(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.14324/LRE.21.1.20.
Mobley, W. H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62(2), 237–240. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.62.2.237.
Mondo, M., Pileri, J., Carta, F., & De Simone, S. (2022). Social support and self-efficacy on turnover intentions: The mediating role of conflict and commitment. Social Sciences, 11(10), 437. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11100437.
Nazir, T., Umer, M., Najam, M., Nawab, S., Maqsoom, A., Shafi, K., Munir, Y., & Nawaz, I. (2022). Impact of role stress on turnover intentions of Pakistan's healthcare workers: Mediating and moderating roles of organizational cynicism and self-efficacy. PLOS ONE, 17(12), e0279075. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279075.
Nguyen, T. D., Bettini, E., Redding, C., & Gilmour, A. F. (2023). Comparing turnover intentions and actual turnover in the public sector workforce: Evidence from public school teachers (Working Paper No. 2023-6). Wheelock Educational Policy Center. https://doi.org/10.26300/3aq0-pv52.
Pratama, I. P. N. W., & Surya, I. B. K. (2025). The effect of self-efficacy on turnover intention through work-life balance as a mediation. Harmony Management: International Journal of Management Science and Business, 2(3), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.70062/harmonymanagement.v2i3.367.
Rhizenda, R. P., Suwasono, E., & Sutapa, H. (2023). Pengaruh self-efficacy dan work-life balance terhadap kinerja karyawan pada KSP Delta Surya Purnama Pare. Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi Manajemen dan Bisnis, 2(4), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.55606/jekombis.v2i4.2557.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2018). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sabri, & Sumardin. (2025). Job satisfaction: Perceived organizational support and organizational culture with work-life balance. Journal of Business and Management Review, 6(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.47153/jbmr.v6i1.
Sallis, E. (2015). Total quality management in education (3rd ed.). Routledge.
Shao, L., Guo, H., Yue, X., & Zhang, Z. (2022). Psychological contract, self-efficacy, job stress, and turnover intention: A view of the job demand-control-support model. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 868692. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.868692.
Shobirin, A., Verawati, D. M., & Giovanni, A. (2023). Pengaruh self-efficacy dan workload terhadap turnover intention melalui work-life balance sebagai mediasi (Studi empiris pada PT Putra Albasia Mandiri). Modus, 35(2), 171–196. https://doi.org/10.24002/modus.v35i2.7330.
Siddiqi, K. O., Rahman, M. H., Esquivias, M. A., & Hutapea, L. M. N. (2024). The effect of perceived organizational and supervisor support on nurses' turnover intention in Bangladesh: Does work-family conflict play a role? Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, 100992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100992
Sorensen, L. C., & Ladd, H. F. (2020). The hidden costs of teacher turnover. AERA Open, 6(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858420905812.
Suyono, J., Eliyana, A., & Ratmawati, D. (2020). The nightmare of turnover intention for companies in Indonesia. Opción, 36(91), 871–888.
Syuzairi, M., Pratiwi, M. A., & Apriansyah, F. (2023). Work-life balance and its impact on turnover intention among educators: Job satisfaction as a mediation. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Economics, Management, Business and Accounting (ICEMBA 2022). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-12-2022.2333271.
Ullah, S., Raza, B., Ali, W., Amjad, S. A., & Jadoon, A. K. (2021). Linking self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behavior: A moderated mediation model. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 10(3), 233–247. https://doi.org/10.33844/IJOL.2021.60528.
Waworuntu, E. C., Kainde, S. J. R., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). Work-life balance, job satisfaction and performance among millennial and Gen Z employees: A systematic review. Society, 10(2), 286–300. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v10i2.464.
Zahirah, N. G., & Satrya, A. (2024). The influence of career growth and perceived organizational support on turnover intention: The role of organizational commitment among Indonesian millennial employees. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 12(3), 3129–3146. https://doi.org/10.37676/ekombis.v12i3.
Published
2026-07-17
How to Cite
Maria Christine Magdalena, Innocentius Bernarto, & Wiputra Cendana. (2026). The Influence of Self-Efficacy, Work-Life Balance, and Perceived Organizational Support Towards Teachers’ Turnover Intention at XYZ School in West Jakarta. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(03), 5123-5140. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.5317
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