Human Error Risk Analysis in Expiration Date Labeling Using SHERPA, HOR and Fuzzy Logic in Makassar Bread MSMEs

Faisal Angriawan Malik; Fauziah  Fauziah; Nurul Inzany

doi:10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.5362

Faisal Angriawan Malik Universitas Wira Bhakti, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Fauziah Fauziah Universitas Negeri Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Nurul Inzany Politeknik ATI Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.5362

Keywords: human error, SHERPA, House of Risk, Fuzzy Logic, food labeling, bakery SMEs

Abstract

Human error in the expiration date labeling process is one of the main causes of declining product quality and increasing food safety risks in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to identify potential human errors, determine risk priorities, and formulate mitigation strategies in the expiration date labeling process using an integration of the Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA), House of Risk (HOR), and Fuzzy Logic methods. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study design in one of the bakery MSMEs in Makassar City. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, documentation, and assessments by 25 respondents consisting of operators and production supervisors. The results identified 35 potential human errors, with action errors as the most dominant type of error. HOR analysis showed that errors in setting expiration dates, not rechecking, and operator fatigue were priority risks. The integration of Fuzzy Logic resulted in a more objective risk assessment by considering uncertainty in respondents' assessments. This study shows that the integration of SHERPA, HOR and Fuzzy Logic is effective as a risk analysis approach to support the improvement of quality control, food safety, and mitigation decision making in the MSME-scale food industry

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