Tanggap Pasemon As A Representation Of folklore In The Gambus Misri Jombang Performing Art: An Ethnosemantic Study

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and describe: (1) verbal and nonverbal pasemon (cultural satire/metaphor) responses as representations of oral folklore in the Gambus Misri Bintang Sembilan Jombang performance art, and (2) verbal and nonverbal pasemon responses as representations of ethnosemantic philosophy in the same performance art. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, focusing on three gambus misri plays: (1) Brandhal Lokajaya, (2) Sahabat Bilal, and (3) Kebo Kicak & Surontanu. Primary data sources consisted of performance video transcripts, while secondary data came from interviews with informants. Data collection involved transcription, interviews, and observation. The researcher served as the primary research instrument, assisted by an interview guide. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, based on Jan Harold Brunvand’s folklore theory and ethnosemantic studies. The study concludes that pasemon responses in gambus misri appear in two forms. The first is verbal pasemon response, manifesting as oral folklore elements such as folk speech, traditional expressions, traditional questions, folk rhymes and poetry, folk prose and tales, and folk songs. The second is nonverbal pasemon response, demonstrated through paralinguistic elements: body movements and facial expressions, body parts and physical attractiveness, proxemics, chronemics, haptics, and vocalics. The underlying ethnosemantic philosophy encompasses conceptual representations such as plants, animals, objects, body parts, family, wayang (puppets), livelihoods, food, activities, performances, age, gender, and religion while visual representations constitute the meanings symbolizing the pasemon, including groups of people or livelihoods, facial features and vocal characteristics, costumes, and props.