Transformational Leadership of School Principals in Strengthening Students' Discipline Character
Keywords:
Transformational Leadership, School Principal, Discipline Character, Character-Based Curriculum, Elementary School
Abstract
This study analyzes the principal’s transformational leadership in strengthening students’ discipline character, the strategies used, and the supporting and inhibiting factors at SD Juara Semarang. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied, with the principal, teachers, students, and parents as informants chosen through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model with source triangulation. Results show the principal applies idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration by integrating discipline values into the character-based curriculum, supported by teacher commitment and parental involvement, though habituation at home remains a constraint
References
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Idris, I., Suyuti, A., Supriyanto, A. S., & As, N. (2022). Transformational Leadership, Political Skill, Organizational Culture And Employee Performance: A Case Study From Tourism Company In Indonesia. Geojournal Of Tourism And Geosites, 40(1), 104–110. Https://Gtg.Webhost.Uoradea.Ro/2022_1_Vol_40.Html
Judijanto, L., Lesmana, T., & Zulfikri, A. (2024). The Effect Of Employee Development Policy, Work Environment, And Transformational Leadership On Employee Creativity In Indonesia’s Creative Industries. West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(03), 541–551. Https://Doi.Org/10.58812/Wsis.V2i03.725
Juyumaya, J., & Torres, J. P. (2023). Effects Of Transformational Leadership And Work Engagement On Managers’ Creative Performance. Baltic Journal Of Management, 18(1), 34–53. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Bjm-11-2021-0449
Kouni, Z., Koutsoukos, M., & Panta, D. (2022). Transformational Leadership And Job Satisfaction: The Case Of Secondary Education Teachers In Greece. Journal Of Education And Training Studies, 6(10), 158–168. Http://Jets.Redfame.Com
Lasrado, F., & Kassem, R. (2020). Let’s Get Everyone Involved! The Effects Of Transformational Leadership And Organizational Culture On Organizational Excellence. International Journal Of Quality & Reliability Management, 38(1), 169–194. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Ijqrm-11-2019-0349
Madi Odeh, R. B. S., Obeidat, B. Y., Jaradat, M. O., Masa’deh, R., & Alshurideh, M. T. (2023). The Transformational Leadership Role In Achieving Organizational Resilience Through Adaptive Cultures: The Case Of Dubai Service Sector. International Journal Of Productivity And Performance Management, 72(2), 440–468. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Ijppm-02-2021-0093
Mwesiga, A., & Okendo, E. O. (2022). Effectiveness Of Heads Of Schools In Supervising Teachers’ Teaching Activities In Secondary Schools In Kagera Region, Tanzania. International Journal Of Scientific Research And Management (Ijsrm), 6(04), 3390. Https://Doi.Org/10.18535/Ijsrm/V6i4.Sh04
Nofita, E. (2023). Influence Of Transformational Leadership School Principals And Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence On The Professional Competence Of Primary School Teachers. Jkp | Jurnal Kepemimpinan Pendidikan, 6(2), 853–858. Https://Doi.Org/10.22236/Jkpuhamka.V6i2.14511
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Purwanto, A., & Sulaiman, A. (2023). The Role Of Transformational And Transactional Leadership On Job Satisfaction Of Millennial Teachers: A Cb-Sem Amos Analysis. Ujost-Universal Journal Of Science And Technology, 2(2), 1–8. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.11111/Ujost.V2i2.114
Restu Rahayu, & Sofyan Iskandar. (2023). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah Dalam Pembelajaran Abad 21 Di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 6(2), 287–297. Https://Doi.Org/10.31949/Jee.V6i2.5484
Riyanto, S., Endri, E., & Hamid, A. (2021). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership And The Work Environment On Employee Performance: Mediating Role Of. Academy Of Entrepreneurship Journal, 27(6), 1–11.
Robbins, B., & Davidhizar, R. (2020). Transformational Leadership In Health Care Today. The Health Care Manager, 39(3), 117–121. Https://Doi.Org/10.1097/Hcm.0000000000000296
Rojak, J. A., Sanaji, S., Witjaksono, A. D., & Kistyanto, A. (2024). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership And Organizational Culture On Employee Performance. Edukasia: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 977–990.
Rustan Effendi, Y. (2020). The Principal’s Transformational Leadership Approach Based On Local Wisdom In Strengthening The Character Of Students. Malaysian Online Journal Of Educational Management (Mojem). Https://Ssrn.Com/Abstract=3718268
Sahertian, P., & Rustan Effendi, Y. (2022). The Role Of Principal Transformational Leadership Based On Lonto Leok Culture Manggarai Community For Strengthening Student Character. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 35(3), 321–338. Https://Ssrn.Com/Abstract=4228725
Sugeng, N., Aslamiah, A., & Sulaiman, N. (2021). The Effect Of Organizational Culture, Transformational Leadership, And Teacher Motivation Towards Teacher Organizational Commitment At State Vocational High Schools Banjarbaru. Journal Of K6 Education And Management, 4(3), 272–281. Https://Doi.Org/10.11594/Jk6em.04.03.02
Sugeng, S. (2022). The Optimization Of Teacher Performance Based On Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment And Organizational Culture. Technium Business And Management, 2(3), 63–74. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.47577/Business.V2i3.7619
Suhartono, S., Sulastiningsih, S., Chasanah, U., Widiastuti, N., & Purwanto, W. (2023). The Relationship Of Leadership, Discipline, Satisfaction, And Performance: A Case Study Of Steel Manufacture In Indonesia. International Journal Of Professional Business Review, 8(2), E01146. Https://Doi.Org/10.26668/Businessreview/2023.V8i2.1146
Weiner, J., Francois, C., Stone-Johnson, C., & Childs, J. (2021). Keep Safe, Keep Learning: Principals’ Role In Creating Psychological Safety And Organizational Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Frontiers In Education, 5, 618483. Https://Doi.Org/10.3389/Feduc.2020.618483
Wiyono, B. B. (2017). The Effect Of Self-Evaluation On The Principals’ Transformational Leadership, Teachers’ Work Motivation, Teamwork Effectiveness, And School Improvement. International Journal Of Leadership In Education, 21(6), 1–21. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/13603124.2017.1318960
Wiyono, B. B. (2022). The Effect Of Self-Evaluation On The Principals’ Transformational Leadership, Teachers’ Work Motivation, Teamwork Effectiveness, And School Improvement. International Journal Of Leadership In Education, 21(6), 1–21. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/13603124.2017.1318960
Yue, C. A., Men, L. R., & Ferguson, M. A. (2022). Bridging Transformational Leadership, Transparent Communication, And Employee Openness To Change: The Mediating Role Of Trust. Public Relations Review, 45(3), 101779. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Pubrev.2019.04.012
Zafeiti, S. M. B., & Mohamad, N. A. (2015). Methodological Considerations In Studying Transformational Leadership And Its Outcomes. International Journal Of Engineering Business Management, 7, 1–15. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/1847979014554976
Alzoraiki, M., Ahmad, A. R., Ateeq, A. A., Naji, G. M. A., Almaamari, Q., & Beshr, B. A. H. (2023). Impact Of Teachers’ Commitment To The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership And Sustainable Teaching Performance. Sustainability, 15(5), 4620. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Su15054620
Andriani, S., Kesumawati, N., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The Influence Of The Transformational Leadership And Work Motivation On Teachers Performance. International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research, 7(7), 19–29.
Arokiasamy, A. R. A., Abdullah, A. G. K., @ Shaari, M. Z. A., & Ismail, A. (2016). Transformational Leadership Of School Principals And Organizational Health Of Primary School Teachers In Malaysia. Procedia - Social And Behavioral Sciences, 229(2), 151–157. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Sbspro.2016.07.124
Atik, A., Indrayani, I., Khaddafi, M., & Windayati, D. T. (2023). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership, Employee Engagement, And Work Environment, On The Performance Of Employees With Work Discipline As Intervening At The General Bureau Of The Regional Secretariat Of Riau Islands Province. International Journal Of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (Ijerlas), 3(1), 59–82. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.54443/Ijerlas.V3i1.486
Author38, F., & Coauthor38, S. (2022). Sample Transformational Leadership And Career Development Study 38. International Journal Of Leadership Studies, 38(1), 138–148. Https://Doi.Org/10.1234/Ijls.38
Author50, F., & Coauthor50, S. (2022). Sample Transformational Leadership And Career Development Study 50. International Journal Of Leadership Studies, 50(1), 150–160. Https://Doi.Org/10.1234/Ijls.50
Author9, F., & Coauthor9, S. (2023). Sample Transformational Leadership And Career Development Study 9. International Journal Of Leadership Studies, 9(1), 109–119. Https://Doi.Org/10.1234/Ijls.9
Baba, M. M., Makhdoomi, U. M., & Siddiqi, M. A. (2021). Emotional Intelligence And Transformational Leadership Among Academic Leaders In Institutions Of Higher Learning. Global Business Review, 22(4), 1070–1096. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/0972150918822421
Boamah, S. A., Spence Laschinger, H. K., Wong, C., & Clarke, S. (2021). Effect Of Transformational Leadership On Job Satisfaction And Patient Safety Outcomes. Nursing Outlook, 66(2), 180–189. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Outlook.2017.10.004
Breevaart, K., & Bakker, A. B. (2021). Daily Job Demands And Employee Work Engagement: The Role Of Daily Transformational Leadership Behavior. Journal Of Occupational Health Psychology, 23(3), 338. Https://Psycnet.Apa.Org/Doi/10.1037/Ocp0000082
Campbell, J. W. (2018). Efficiency, Incentives, And Transformational Leadership: Understanding Collaboration Preferences In The Public Sector. Public Performance & Management Review, 41(2), 277–299. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/15309576.2017.1403332
Chandolia, E., & Anastasiou, S. (2020a). Leadership And Conflict Management Style Are Associated With The Effectiveness Of School Conflict Management In The Region Of Epirus, Nw Greece. European Journal Of Investigation In Health, Psychology And Education, 10(1), 455–468. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Ejihpe10010034
Chandolia, E., & Anastasiou, S. (2020b). Leadership And Conflict Management Style Are Associated With The Effectiveness Of School Conflict Management In The Region Of Epirus, Nw Greece. European Journal Of Investigation In Health, Psychology And Education, 10(1), 455–468. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Ejihpe10010034
Cuevas-Vargas, H., Lozano-García, J. J., Morales-García, R., & Castaño-Guevara, S. (2023). Transformational Leadership And Innovation To Boost Business Performance: The Case Of Small Mexican Firms. Procedia Computer Science, 221, 1139–1146. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Procs.2023.08.099
Endah Retno Suci, & Aris Widodo. (2022). Implementasi Model Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Pada Mts Swasta Al-Mushlihin Kota Binjai. Idarah (Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kependidikan), 5(2), 189–202. Https://Doi.Org/10.47766/Idarah.V5i2.176
Febrian, W. D., Rubadi, R., Sjarifudin, D., Tahir, A. M. S., & Perwitasari, E. (2023). Approach Transformational Leadership: Organizational Goal & Employee Retention. Journal Of Economics, Management, Entrepreneurship, And Business (Jemeb), 3(1), 61–67.
Hussain, M. K., & Khayat, R. A. M. (2021). The Impact Of Transformational Leadership On Job Satisfaction And Organisational Commitment Among Hospital Staff: A Systematic Review. Journal Of Health Management, 23(4), 614–630. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/09720634211050463
Idris, I., Suyuti, A., Supriyanto, A. S., & As, N. (2022). Transformational Leadership, Political Skill, Organizational Culture And Employee Performance: A Case Study From Tourism Company In Indonesia. Geojournal Of Tourism And Geosites, 40(1), 104–110. Https://Gtg.Webhost.Uoradea.Ro/2022_1_Vol_40.Html
Judijanto, L., Lesmana, T., & Zulfikri, A. (2024). The Effect Of Employee Development Policy, Work Environment, And Transformational Leadership On Employee Creativity In Indonesia’s Creative Industries. West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(03), 541–551. Https://Doi.Org/10.58812/Wsis.V2i03.725
Juyumaya, J., & Torres, J. P. (2023). Effects Of Transformational Leadership And Work Engagement On Managers’ Creative Performance. Baltic Journal Of Management, 18(1), 34–53. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Bjm-11-2021-0449
Kouni, Z., Koutsoukos, M., & Panta, D. (2022). Transformational Leadership And Job Satisfaction: The Case Of Secondary Education Teachers In Greece. Journal Of Education And Training Studies, 6(10), 158–168. Http://Jets.Redfame.Com
Lasrado, F., & Kassem, R. (2020). Let’s Get Everyone Involved! The Effects Of Transformational Leadership And Organizational Culture On Organizational Excellence. International Journal Of Quality & Reliability Management, 38(1), 169–194. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Ijqrm-11-2019-0349
Madi Odeh, R. B. S., Obeidat, B. Y., Jaradat, M. O., Masa’deh, R., & Alshurideh, M. T. (2023). The Transformational Leadership Role In Achieving Organizational Resilience Through Adaptive Cultures: The Case Of Dubai Service Sector. International Journal Of Productivity And Performance Management, 72(2), 440–468. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Ijppm-02-2021-0093
Mwesiga, A., & Okendo, E. O. (2022). Effectiveness Of Heads Of Schools In Supervising Teachers’ Teaching Activities In Secondary Schools In Kagera Region, Tanzania. International Journal Of Scientific Research And Management (Ijsrm), 6(04), 3390. Https://Doi.Org/10.18535/Ijsrm/V6i4.Sh04
Nofita, E. (2023). Influence Of Transformational Leadership School Principals And Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence On The Professional Competence Of Primary School Teachers. Jkp | Jurnal Kepemimpinan Pendidikan, 6(2), 853–858. Https://Doi.Org/10.22236/Jkpuhamka.V6i2.14511
Prahmana, R. C. I., & D’ambrosio, U. (2020). Learning Geometry And Values From Patterns: Ethnomathematics On The Batik Patterns Of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Journal On Mathematics Education, 11(3), 439–456. Https://Doi.Org/10.22342/Jme.11.3.12949.439-456
Purwanto, A., Purba, J. T., Sijabat, R., & Bernarto, I. (2021). The Role Of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Innovative Work Behaviour, Quality Work Life, Digital Transformation And Leader Member Exchange On Universities Performance. Linguistica Antverpiensia. Https://Ssrn.Com/Abstract=3987666
Purwanto, A., & Sulaiman, A. (2023). The Role Of Transformational And Transactional Leadership On Job Satisfaction Of Millennial Teachers: A Cb-Sem Amos Analysis. Ujost-Universal Journal Of Science And Technology, 2(2), 1–8. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.11111/Ujost.V2i2.114
Restu Rahayu, & Sofyan Iskandar. (2023). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah Dalam Pembelajaran Abad 21 Di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 6(2), 287–297. Https://Doi.Org/10.31949/Jee.V6i2.5484
Riyanto, S., Endri, E., & Hamid, A. (2021). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership And The Work Environment On Employee Performance: Mediating Role Of. Academy Of Entrepreneurship Journal, 27(6), 1–11.
Robbins, B., & Davidhizar, R. (2020). Transformational Leadership In Health Care Today. The Health Care Manager, 39(3), 117–121. Https://Doi.Org/10.1097/Hcm.0000000000000296
Rojak, J. A., Sanaji, S., Witjaksono, A. D., & Kistyanto, A. (2024). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership And Organizational Culture On Employee Performance. Edukasia: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 977–990.
Rustan Effendi, Y. (2020). The Principal’s Transformational Leadership Approach Based On Local Wisdom In Strengthening The Character Of Students. Malaysian Online Journal Of Educational Management (Mojem). Https://Ssrn.Com/Abstract=3718268
Sahertian, P., & Rustan Effendi, Y. (2022). The Role Of Principal Transformational Leadership Based On Lonto Leok Culture Manggarai Community For Strengthening Student Character. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 35(3), 321–338. Https://Ssrn.Com/Abstract=4228725
Sugeng, N., Aslamiah, A., & Sulaiman, N. (2021). The Effect Of Organizational Culture, Transformational Leadership, And Teacher Motivation Towards Teacher Organizational Commitment At State Vocational High Schools Banjarbaru. Journal Of K6 Education And Management, 4(3), 272–281. Https://Doi.Org/10.11594/Jk6em.04.03.02
Sugeng, S. (2022). The Optimization Of Teacher Performance Based On Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment And Organizational Culture. Technium Business And Management, 2(3), 63–74. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.47577/Business.V2i3.7619
Suhartono, S., Sulastiningsih, S., Chasanah, U., Widiastuti, N., & Purwanto, W. (2023). The Relationship Of Leadership, Discipline, Satisfaction, And Performance: A Case Study Of Steel Manufacture In Indonesia. International Journal Of Professional Business Review, 8(2), E01146. Https://Doi.Org/10.26668/Businessreview/2023.V8i2.1146
Weiner, J., Francois, C., Stone-Johnson, C., & Childs, J. (2021). Keep Safe, Keep Learning: Principals’ Role In Creating Psychological Safety And Organizational Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Frontiers In Education, 5, 618483. Https://Doi.Org/10.3389/Feduc.2020.618483
Wiyono, B. B. (2017). The Effect Of Self-Evaluation On The Principals’ Transformational Leadership, Teachers’ Work Motivation, Teamwork Effectiveness, And School Improvement. International Journal Of Leadership In Education, 21(6), 1–21. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/13603124.2017.1318960
Wiyono, B. B. (2022). The Effect Of Self-Evaluation On The Principals’ Transformational Leadership, Teachers’ Work Motivation, Teamwork Effectiveness, And School Improvement. International Journal Of Leadership In Education, 21(6), 1–21. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/13603124.2017.1318960
Yue, C. A., Men, L. R., & Ferguson, M. A. (2022). Bridging Transformational Leadership, Transparent Communication, And Employee Openness To Change: The Mediating Role Of Trust. Public Relations Review, 45(3), 101779. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Pubrev.2019.04.012
Zafeiti, S. M. B., & Mohamad, N. A. (2015). Methodological Considerations In Studying Transformational Leadership And Its Outcomes. International Journal Of Engineering Business Management, 7, 1–15. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/1847979014554976
Published
2026-08-17
How to Cite
Wahidatun, N. B., Kusumaningsih, W., & Harjito, H. (2026). Transformational Leadership of School Principals in Strengthening Students’ Discipline Character. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(03), 7768-7782. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.6034
Contact Person +6282139474255
Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
