Distribution Of Estate Property In The Form Of Immovable Assets To Foreign-National Heirs: A Civil Law Perspective In Indonesia

yahya Ali Ansyah; Atikah Rahmi

doi:10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.6241

yahya Ali Ansyah Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Atikah Rahmi Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i03.6241

Keywords: inheritance law, foreign-national heirs, immovable property, land rights, legal pluralism

Abstract

Marriage is one of the foundations giving rise to inheritance relationships and, at the same time, a factor that can trigger cross-border population movement. This condition has the potential to give rise to marriages between persons of different nationalities, which in turn raise legal problems, particularly with regard to the inheritance of immovable property by foreign-national heirs in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the legal arrangements governing inheritance in Indonesia, the mechanism for dividing estate property in the form of immovable assets to foreign-national heirs, and the juridical obstacles encountered in the implementation of such inheritance. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials obtained through literature study, which were then analyzed using qualitative analysis techniques. The results of the study show that Indonesia's inheritance law system remains pluralistic, consisting of customary (adat) inheritance law, Islamic inheritance law, and civil inheritance law. This pluralism gives rise to differences in determining which law applies to foreign-national heirs. In addition, the restrictions on land ownership rights for foreign nationals as regulated in the Basic Agrarian Law constitute a juridical obstacle in the implementation of inheritance involving immovable property. Although foreign nationals may attain the position of heir, ownership rights over land cannot be maintained and must instead be transferred or adjusted in accordance with the applicable statutory provisions within a specified period. Therefore, harmonization between inheritance law and land law is needed in order to realize legal certainty, justice, and legal protection for foreign-national heirs in the inheritance of immovable property in Indonesia.

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