The Evolution of Public Sector Management: A Systematic Literature Review of Traditional Bureaucracy to Modern Governance

  • Salsabilah Catur Sakinah Master of Accounting Science Program, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
  • Luk Luk Fuadah Department of Accounting, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Keywords: Public Sector Management, Traditional Bureaucracy, Modern Governance, Institutional Theory, Public Sector Reform, Public Value Creation, Digital Transformation.

Abstract

This study examines the evolution of public sector management from traditional bureaucracy to modern governance through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Fifty international journal articles published between 2021 and 2026 were synthesized to identify major institutional changes, organizational capabilities, and emerging governance practices. Guided by Institutional Theory, the review explores how formal rules, legitimacy pressures, leadership, and administrative capacity shape public sector reform. The synthesis indicates that hierarchical structures remain important for legal certainty and accountability, while contemporary management increasingly emphasizes performance, adaptability, cross-sector collaboration, and public value creation. Digital transformation offers opportunities to improve service integration and decision-making but also introduces challenges concerning institutional readiness, technological capacity, transparency, and responsibility. The findings suggest that modern governance does not simply replace traditional bureaucracy; rather, it combines administrative stability with flexible and participatory approaches. This review contributes an integrated understanding of institutional continuity and change in public sector management.

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Published
2026-11-10
How to Cite
Sakinah, S. C., & Fuadah, L. L. (2026). The Evolution of Public Sector Management: A Systematic Literature Review of Traditional Bureaucracy to Modern Governance. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(04), 5142-5167. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i04.7351